← RunoVerse

Phrase Explorer

Explore recurring phrases (n-grams), alliterative patterns and refrains.

What this shows

Phrases are adjacent, ordered spellings within a verse. Bigrams have two words and trigrams three. Totals count occurrences, including repetitions. Two-word phrases need at least 5 occurrences; three-word phrases need at least 3. Collocates, by contrast, can occur anywhere in the same verse.

Estonian-side and Finnish-side counts

Counts use the site's Estonian-side and Finnish-side classification of songs in SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB, based on poem identifiers and documented language overrides. The Finnish side also includes Karelian and Ingrian songs. Archive membership is a separate matter. Both sides means a phrase has occurrences on each side; it does not mean that the phrase mixes languages.

Phrase types

Alliteration means every word starts with the same letter. A refrain contains a word tagged as a refrain word in at least 50% of at least 3 commentary annotations; this tag takes priority over alliteration. The alliteration filter checks initial letters, including in refrains.

Maps and variants

Maps count distinct songs containing the word or phrase, once per parish, rather than repetitions. Circle size follows the number of songs and reflects collecting intensity. Popups give the parish's total recorded songs for context. Comparison maps keep each word's counts separate; concentric circles mark parishes with both words.

Variants show, for each word of a two-word phrase, the other words that stand in its place among all kept two-word phrases, including refrains. Phrases occurring fewer than 5 times are not listed. The link under each list opens the Substitutions page, which counts nearly identical verses in different songs that differ only in that word.

Keyboard actions

Outside text fields and menus: / focuses search; ? toggles Help; 1, 2 and 3 open the two-word, three-word and refrain lists; A toggles alliteration; S copies the address; E or X exports the word panel or current list; C toggles comparison; R picks a random word; G toggles the selected phrase's map, otherwise the word map, or the comparison map in compare mode; F toggles the variants of the selected two-word phrase.

Escape closes Help first, then autocomplete, then compare mode; otherwise it clears the search when the search box is focused. In search, arrow keys move through suggestions and Enter selects a suggestion or searches the typed word. Enter in either comparison box runs the comparison.

Most frequent two-word phrases in the runosong corpora

Explore recurring multi-word phrases (bigrams, trigrams) across 4.33 million verse lines from the Finnic runosong corpora. Discover stock phrases and alliterative patterns.

Top BigramsFrequency
vanha väinämöinen×3,117
ei või×2,982
kas on×2,922
kuin on×2,776
ei saa×2,227
siell on×2,034
anna mulle×2,023
meil on×2,010
tõuse üles×1,961
tuuti lasta×1,844
enne kui×1,698
ei tule×1,652
üks oli×1,609
jos ei×1,567
en anna×1,532
tänne tulla×1,531
tere tere×1,522
oh minu×1,521
yks kaks×1,515
tuu tuu×1,503
mis sääl×1,442
mina vaene×1,424
mato musta×1,398
kas sa×1,387
või tõusta×1,329
tietä myöten×1,329
oh sa×1,304
siel on×1,300
või on×1,230
tütar noori×1,206
miks ei×1,196
jos sinä×1,190
tule tänne×1,185
jos et×1,169
ära sina×1,150
ei taha×1,148
mist on×1,147
vanha väinämöini×1,140
tiesit tänne×1,138
viis kuus×1,129
yks on×1,115
noored mehed×1,108
mistäs tiesit×1,105
väsy väsy×1,071
kas om×1,066
tii tii×1,064
õks ma×1,060
oh mu×1,048
väsy västäräkki×1,035
uue kuue×1,029
vasten vastaeli×1,029
jumalan luoma×1,025
mul om×1,012
kaks kolme×1,012
sanoiksi virkki×1,010
tüki teeda×1,009
ei anna×1,004
kolme neljä×993
kus need×979
ukse ette×977
jos on×964
ei ollut×949
on kodu×936
ma iks×936
siit on×929
tule mulle×907
kellon lyövän×907
seppo ilmarinen×904
siis saab×893
kuin ei×890
emakene memmekene×881
seiso veri×874
noori meesi×869
tuli vastu×869
ei tuo×865
peiukene poisikene×841
rauta raukka×836
sa nutad×834
miks sa×830
veere pääle×827
neitsikene noorukene×824
kust see×823
ei saand×811
ma läksin×802
viel on×797
lätsi ma×794
mie laulan×794
üks on×788
ma lään×787
täss on×786
laua peale×784
õks sa×782
minä pistän×782
siis tuli×778
laula laula×776
läksin metsa×764
niin kuin×761
jott ei×760
sääl ma×757
veli ella×757
oh mina×756
mu emake×752
ei uo×751
huis sika×748
õue alla×744
miun emoni×737
poega noori×733
oh sina×731
siin om×728
on tupa×728
tõusta ei×727
kuin mie×726
teeda mööda×724
küüned külmetavad×724
sinä ikänä×724
meill on×719
oleks see×718
om õks×717
ma lää×716
kunne käsken×716
vetta tooma×708
ma vaene×705
üle mere×704
haua peale×701
ise sai×698
kuulin siellä×698
on minu×697
sain minä×694
tuli vasta×693
mina minema×692
vanha väinämöine×692
mulle tulla×691
ella vellekene×689
minä menin×687
siellä kellon×686
kui tuleb×685
anna en×682
naine armas×679
neljä viis×678
tuuti tuuti×675
ku ei×674
vaka vanha×674
kyll on×673
lennä lennä×672
sain ma×668
siellä on×668
siis tuleb×667
ah mun×665
emakene ennekene×664
on tehty×664
laske sisse×660
silloin löi×660
see tuli×658
tule surma×657
jälle jäi×655
hellad vennad×654
miun on×653
sinä pistät×651
tulin pitkin×649
ei võta×648
kui põle×645
kes mind×643
teine teise×642
miss on×642
tuli vastaan×642
ei kuule×641
miun emmoin×640
laiva lähti×638
vanhan väinämöisen×632
eks sa×629
kui need×629
iks ma×628
ära sa×628
on vanha×625
oleks minu×622
mina laulan×621
kas see×621
vai on×620
pane paras×620
meil om×619

This is a static summary — the full, searchable dataset is in the interactive explorer above.