linn
‘city’ · runosong lemma · Estonian and Finnish noun
| English gloss | city |
|---|---|
| Part of speech | noun |
| Language | Estonian and Finnish |
| Total occurrences | 13,256 |
| By corpus | SKVR 0, JR 0, KR 352 poems, ERAB 12,904 |
The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems.
Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution
Attested wordforms
linna, linnast, linnas, linn, linnad, lõ, linnaksida, linnä, linnassit, linnasteksi, linnani, linnasit, linnastagi, linnastesse, linnakseida, linnaksid, linnassista, linnatõh, linnasi, linnale, linnasist, linnasitsõ, linnastes, lido, linnae, linnaksille, linnasid, linnes, ummõn, linnadeksa, linnakest, linnap, linnaten, linnates, liinossihe, limia, linnadeksi, linnahtõlla, linnaksetest, linnasesse … and 134 more of 174 attested forms
In Estonian dictionaries
Definitions are shown in Estonian: the source dictionaries are Estonian-language works.
EKSS
linn · -a 24
- 1. suur oma halduse ja juriidiliste õigustega hrl. kompaktse hoonestusega asula, mis on ümbruskonna majandus- ja kultuurielu keskus ning kus inimesed ei elatu põllumajandusest
- 2. maalinn, linnus; kindlus, kants, loss
EMS
linn
- suur asula
- maalinn, linnus
Idamurre
linn
- linnus
Sources: EKSS — Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut (CC BY 4.0) · EMS — Eesti murrete sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut · Idamurde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut
English senses in context
How the AI analysis rendered this lemma in English, as a share of the entry’s analyzed uses. The analysis groups a lemma with its variant and cognate spellings, so close cognates can share one profile.
| Sense | Share |
|---|---|
| city | 23.9% |
| town | 23.3% |
| castle | 20.8% |
| castle's | 16.6% |
| city's | 5.5% |
| town's | 3.5% |
| castles | 3.2% |
| cities | 1.1% |
| flax | 0.5% |
| fortress | 0.4% |
Example verses
- ma lään omme rakvere linna (AES, MT 3, 3 (8)) read in context
We are going to Rakvere town, - ja ei seal ei kasvand linna linna (AES, MT 3, 16) read in context
And there grew no flax, no flax - takka linna laagre poesid (AES, MT 9, 1) read in context
Behind the town of Laagri they were stationed; - vihad iilgvad riia linna (AES, MT 43, 75) read in context
Sinews [or angers] glisten to Riga city. - metsän linna liikahuta (Kalevala 14) read in context
Shake the forest's fortress - miesten linna rautakatto (Kalevala 19) read in context
men's iron-roofed fort: - tuli polta tuhma linna (Kalevala 30) read in context
"Fire, burn this fool's fort, - linnad eemal luurimaie (Kalevipoeg 2) read in context
Cities afar peer keenly.
Companion words
Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.
| Word | Association (G²) | Co-occurrences |
|---|---|---|
| riia | 3,894 | 643 |
| minema | 2,738 | 1,270 |
| pärnu | 2,158 | 301 |
| lipp | 1,941 | 267 |
| uulits | 1,659 | 226 |
| liivasõel | 1,482 | 125 |
| tooma | 1,220 | 493 |
| lihula | 1,163 | 127 |
Song types
Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).
| Song type | Poems |
|---|---|
| Neiu linn | 213 |
| Imelik maja | 162 |
| Oleks see mees minu! | 142 |
| Ema haual | 129 |
| Nekrutilaul - ÜLD | 107 |
| Oleks | 103 |
| Nekrutilaul | 87 |
| Liiri-lõõri! | 86 |
Collection places
Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.
| Place | Poems |
|---|---|
| Kuusalu | 246 |
| Haljala | 212 |
| Karksi | 178 |
| Paistu | 173 |
| Ambla | 162 |
| Kolga-Jaani | 148 |
| Halliste | 134 |
| Väike-Maarja | 119 |
| Tõstamaa | 118 |
| Setumaa | 114 |
Attestation over time
Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.
| Decade | Poems |
|---|---|
| 1750–1759 | 1 |
| 1780–1789 | 1 |
| 1820–1829 | 8 |
| 1830–1839 | 12 |
| 1840–1849 | 23 |
| 1850–1859 | 8 |
| 1860–1869 | 39 |
| 1870–1879 | 330 |
| 1880–1889 | 1,100 |
| 1890–1899 | 1,414 |
| 1900–1909 | 326 |
| 1910–1919 | 405 |
| 1920–1929 | 436 |
| 1930–1939 | 619 |
| 1940–1949 | 37 |
| 1950–1959 | 1 |
Collectors
The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.
| Collector | Poems |
|---|---|
| Karl Voldemar Rosenstrauch | 172 |
| Mihkel (Tori) Ostrov | 156 |
| Karl Viljak | 151 |
| Oskar Philipp Kallas | 111 |
| koguja teadmata | 110 |
Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 5,131)
- KR: Kalevala 14, Kalevala 19, Kalevala 30, Kalevipoeg 2, Kalevipoeg 3, Kalevipoeg 6, Kalevipoeg 10, Kalevipoeg 12, Kalevipoeg 13, Kalevipoeg 14, Kalevipoeg 15, Kalevipoeg 16, Kalevipoeg 17, Kalevipoeg 19, Kalevipoeg 20, KR 5:14, KR 14:3, KR 34:1, KR 37:8, KR 37:11, KR 37:13, KR 37:15, KR 37:19, KR 37:28, KR 37:29, KR 38:8, KR 38:14, KR 42:2999, KR 42:4652, KR 43:359, KR 43:544, KR 43:560, KR 43:707, KR 46:2, KR 50:22, KR 50:23, KR 51:4, KR 51:14, KR 53:55, KR 53:56, KR 53:168, Wanha Kalevala 7, Kanteletar 1:149, Kanteletar 2:18, Kanteletar 2:235, Kanteletar 3:27
- ERAB: AES, MT 3, 3 (8), AES, MT 3, 16, AES, MT 9, 1, AES, MT 43, 75, AES, MT 76, 3 (3), AES, MT 76, 17/9 (10), AES, MT 141, 28, AES, MT 163, 1/3 (1), AES, MT 170, 6, AES, MT 200, 59/61, AES MT 215, 4, AES, MT 236, 31, AES, MT 266, 7/9, ARS 1, 437/41 (2)
Related lemmas
- Finnish cognate: kaupunki
About this profile
The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. English senses come from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.