linn

‘town; castle’ · runosong lemma · Estonian noun

English gloss	town; castle
Part of speech	noun
Language	Estonian
Total occurrences	12,904
By corpus	SKVR 0, JR 0, KR 0, ERAB 12,904

The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.

Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution

Attested wordforms

linna, linnast, linn, liinast, linnada, linnaje, linnad, linno, linnä, linnassed, linnassid, linnassida, linnakseksi, linnakse, linnasse, linnakene, linnastesta, linnasida, linnasteksi, linnaksista, linnani, linnastessa, linnade, linnasõ, linnäs, linnäst, linnasista, linnassist, linnassisse, linnadessa, linnakseida, linnaksid, linnassista, linnaasta, linnadesse, linnadõ, linnaks, linnasi, linnale, linnate … and 71 more of 111 attested forms

In Estonian dictionaries

Definitions are shown in Estonian: the source dictionaries are Estonian-language works.

EKSS

linn · -a 24

1. suur oma halduse ja juriidiliste õigustega hrl. kompaktse hoonestusega asula, mis on ümbruskonna majandus- ja kultuurielu keskus ning kus inimesed ei elatu põllumajandusest
2. maalinn, linnus; kindlus, kants, loss

EMS

linn

suur asula
maalinn, linnus

Idamurre

linn

linnus

Sources: EKSS — Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut (CC BY 4.0) · EMS — Eesti murrete sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut · Idamurde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut

English words in the AI translations

How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.

English word	Uses	Share
city (city's, cities)	5,014	52.3%
town (town's, towns)	4,435	46.3%
flax	83	0.9%
linen	28	0.3%
bird	23	0.2%
little	16	0.2%
Uses counted	9,583

Example verses

ma lään omme rakvere linna (AES, MT 3, 3 (8)) read in context
We are going to Rakvere town,
ja ei seal ei kasvand linna linna (AES, MT 3, 16) read in context
And there grew no flax, no flax
takka linna laagre poesid (AES, MT 9, 1) read in context
Behind the town of Laagri they were stationed;
vihad iilgvad riia linna (AES, MT 43, 75) read in context
Sinews [or angers] glisten to Riga city.
tule üle seitsme suure linna (AES, MT 76, 3 (3)) read in context
Come over seven great cities,
neiu läks linnast linti tooma (AES, MT 76, 17/9 (10)) read in context
she went to fetch a ribbon from town,
siis pandi lukku linna uksed (AES, MT 141, 28) read in context
Then the city gates were locked,
ei ole lehmäs linna viiä (AES, MT 163, 1/3 (1)) read in context
No cow to take to town,

Companion words

Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.

Word	Association (G²)	Co-occurrences
riia	3,894	643
minema	2,738	1,270
pärnu	2,158	301
lipp	1,941	267
uulits	1,659	226
liivasõel	1,482	125
tooma	1,220	493
lihula	1,163	127

Song types

Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).

Song type	Poems
Neiu linn	215
Imelik maja	163
Oleks see mees minu!	143
Ema haual	135
Laulu võim	111
Nekrutilaul - ÜLD	106
Oleks	104
Nekrutilaul	86

Collection places

Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.

Place	Poems
Kuusalu	258
Haljala	235
Karksi	182
Paistu	174
Kolga-Jaani	154
Ambla	154
Halliste	147
Kadrina	126
Väike-Maarja	118
Tõstamaa	110

Attestation over time

Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.

Decade	Poems
1820–1829	5
1840–1849	11
1850–1859	4
1860–1869	37
1870–1879	345
1880–1889	1,154
1890–1899	1,479
1900–1909	328
1910–1919	409
1920–1929	420
1930–1939	583
1940–1949	30

Collectors

The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.

Collector	Poems
Karl Voldemar Rosenstrauch	163
Mihkel (Tori) Ostrov	157
Karl Viljak	156
Oskar Philipp Kallas	113
koguja teadmata	103

Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 5,178)

ERAB: AES, MT 3, 3 (8), AES, MT 3, 16, AES, MT 9, 1, AES, MT 43, 75, AES, MT 76, 3 (3), AES, MT 76, 17/9 (10), AES, MT 141, 28, AES, MT 163, 1/3 (1), AES, MT 170, 6, AES, MT 174, 37/8, AES, MT 200, 59/61, AES MT 215, 4, AES, MT 216, 17, AES, MT 236, 31, AES, MT 257, 16, AES, MT 266, 7/9, ARS 1, 437/41 (2), ARS 1, 501/5 (11), ARS 1, 637 (3), ARS 1, 803/4 (2), ARS 1, 808/10 (4), ARS 2, 47/65 (7), ARS 2, 113/4 (1), ARS 2, 115 (2), E A 3/4 (2), E A 7/8 (10), E A 9 (13), E A 13 (22), E A 19/20 (2), E A 24/5 (6), E A 41/2 (70), E A 77/8 (143), E A 107 (24), E A 119/20, E A 142/3 (12), E A 150 (6), E A 162/4 (5), E A 172/4 (2), E A 175/8 (3), E A 213/4 (10), E A 214/5 (12), E A 222/1 (16), E A 224/5 (269), E A 234/5 (4), E A 283/4 (42), E A 328/9 (14), E A 337/8 (24), E A 357 (3), E A 373/4 (2), E A 384/3 (13), E A 386, E A 399 (6), E A 419/27 (3), E A 467 (14), E A 521 (9), E A 550 (9), E A 555 (15), E A 609/12 (584), E A 652/3 (23), E A 663/7 (1)

Related lemmas

Finnish cognate: linna

← lind linna →

About this profile

The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.

The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.

Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.