sõna

‘word’ · runosong lemma · Estonian noun

English gloss	word
Part of speech	noun
Language	Estonian
Total occurrences	7,437
By corpus	SKVR 0, JR 0, KR 0, ERAB 7,437

The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.

Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution

Attested wordforms

sõna, sõnad, sõnu, sõnuda, sõnna, sõnnu, sõnade, sõnule, sõnuje, sanad, sõni, sõnno, sõnast, sõnadega, sõnolõ, sõnadest, sõnasida, sõnaga, sõnula, sõnal, sõnust, sõnadesta, sõnale, sõnagi, sõnul, sõnus, sõnusida, sõnusta, sönad, sõnasid, sõno, sõnadki, sonad, sõnalõ, sõnole, sanade, sona, sõnadele, sõnah, sõnassa … and 64 more of 104 attested forms

In Estonian dictionaries

Definitions are shown in Estonian: the source dictionaries are Estonian-language works.

EKSS

sõna · 7

1. keele väikseim iseseisev tähenduslik koostisosa (kirjutatuna esitatakse ühe tähekogumina); selle kõnes v. tekstis esinev vorm, sõne
2. (keele, keelekasutuse kohta)
3. (rääkimise, kõneluse, jutuajamise vm. teksti kohta)
4. otsustav, määrav, kaalukas ütlus v. seisukohavõtt millegi suhtes

(+4)

EMS

sõna

keele väikseim iseseisev tähenduslik osa
(rääkimise, jutuajamise vms kohta)
kaalukas ütlus v seisukohavõtt
teadaanne

(+3)

Idamurre

sõna

kolm lõnga pasmas kirjatäht

Sources: EKSS — Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut (CC BY 4.0) · EMS — Eesti murrete sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut · Idamurde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut

English words in the AI translations

How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.

English word	Uses	Share
word (words, word's, words')	10,394	96.6%
sauna (sauna's)	150	1.4%
boar (boar's)	32	0.3%
sled	27	0.3%
sleigh	25	0.2%
sanna	22	0.2%
oh	18	0.2%
hundred	16	0.1%
little	14	0.1%
get (got)	12	0.1%
Uses counted	10,758

Example verses

pistab sõnad piibelisse (AES, MT 3, 11 (36)) read in context
She thrusts words into the Bible,
sõna üüldi sõmõrist (AES, MT 40, 10 (14)) read in context
sõna kolmõ kostijat (AES, MT 40, 12/4 (17)) read in context
Three hearers of the word,
pardsi opas iks pallo sõnno (AES, MT 40, 25 (34)) read in context
ku ma no lätsi sõnno otsma (AES, MT 40, 32 (43)) read in context
When I went to seek words,
kui tulõ suust sorrõ sõna (AES, MT 44, 3) read in context
When a crooked word came from [her] mouth,
sõna ütlen kaks ma mõtlen (AES, MT 49, 14/5 (5)) read in context
A word I speak, two I ponder.
sõnad kissa kiele pialt (AES, MT 60, 37 (28)) read in context

Companion words

Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.

Word	Association (G²)	Co-occurrences
seadma	1,940	328
oskama	1,711	213
tähele	1,594	182
seadlema	1,093	93
kütma	1,009	149
sõsar	1,005	263
jätkama	915	89
hull	889	200

Song types

Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).

Song type	Poems
Laulu võim	442
Kust laulud saadud	394
Arg laulik	319
Kust laulud	296
Lauliku sõim	174
Palju sõnu	163
Halb laulik	135
Lauliku lapsepõlv	120

Collection places

Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.

Place	Poems
Setumaa	448
Karksi	131
Haljala	124
Tarvastu	110
Kolga-Jaani	104
Ambla	101
Paistu	101
Räpina	97
Viljandi	96
Jõhvi	92

Attestation over time

Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.

Decade	Poems
1820–1829	3
1850–1859	2
1860–1869	52
1870–1879	308
1880–1889	1,048
1890–1899	1,183
1900–1909	277
1910–1919	300
1920–1929	358
1930–1939	468
1940–1949	34

Collectors

The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.

Collector	Poems
Karl Voldemar Rosenstrauch	128
Mihkel (Tori) Ostrov	113
Joosep Hurt	97
Karl Viljak	88
Oskar Philipp Kallas	81

Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 4,281)

ERAB: AES, MT 3, 11 (36), AES, MT 40, 10 (14), AES, MT 40, 12/4 (17), AES, MT 40, 25 (34), AES, MT 40, 32 (43), AES, MT 44, 3, AES, MT 49, 14/5 (5), AES, MT 60, 37 (28), AES, MT 65, 15, AES, MT 66, 8/10, AES, MT 75, 15, AES, MT 76, 10 (2), AES, MT 117, 60 (14), AES, MT 117, 60/1 (15), AES, MT 117, 62 (19), AES, MT 141, 21, AES, MT 141, 32/3, AES, MT 145, 1/12, AES, MT 154, 5, AES, MT 154, 6, AES, MT 163, 13/15 (7), AES, MT 166, 2/3 (1), AES, MT 174, 32/3, AES, MT 183, 1, AES, MT 205, 1/4, AES, MT 205, 18/9, AES MT 210, 1, AES, MT 219, 4, AES, MT 219, 18, AES, MT 236, 57, ARS 1, 543/4 (1), ARS 1, 657/8 (1), ARS 1, 735/8 (3), ARS 1, 797/9 (1), ARS 1, 859/60 (4), ARS 2, 39/46 (6), ARS 2, 47/65 (7), E A 31 (13), E A 34/5 (55, 56), E A 41 (67), E A 58 (105), E A 105 (6), E A 107 (23), E A 108 (29), E A 124 (5), E A 164/5 (6), E A 166/9 (8), E A 171/2 (1), E A 213/4 (10), E A 224/5 (269), E A 253/5 (19), E A 298/300 (12), E A 303/7, E A 316/7 (3), E A 356/7 (2), E A 359/60 (6), E A 406 (14), E A 408 (17), E A 511/2 (4), E A 553/4 (13)

Related lemmas

Finnish cognate: sana

← sõitma sõsar →

About this profile

The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.

The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.

Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.