sana
‘word’ · runosong lemma · Finnish noun
| English gloss | word |
|---|---|
| Part of speech | noun |
| Language | Finnish |
| Total occurrences | 10,255 |
| By corpus | SKVR 5,489, JR 4,765, KR 546 poems, ERAB 0 |
The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.
Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution
Attested wordforms
sanoiksi, sanan, sanat, sanoja, sana, sanalla, sanoilla, sanoikse, sanoista, sanani, sanasi, sanaa, sanalta, sanansa, sanasta, sanoissa, sanojan, sanoille, sanoksi, sanaksi, sanoil, sanoihin, sanoikseh, sanoill, sanoitta, sanua, sanatsun, sanolla, sanoist, sanain, sanatta, sanoakana, sanojen, santer, sanosta, sanall, sanassa, sanojani, sanaakaan, sanoiks … and 176 more of 216 attested forms
English words in the AI translations
How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.
| English word | Uses | Share |
|---|---|---|
| word (words, word's, words') | 13,651 | 99.1% |
| say (said) | 64 | 0.5% |
| little | 39 | 0.3% |
| saying | 32 | 0.2% |
| speaker | 24 | 0.2% |
| Uses counted | 13,771 |
Example verses
- puörrutä puhät sanazi (SKVR I1 2.) read in context
- morsien sanoiksi virkki (SKVR I1 6.) read in context
"She spoke in maidens’ words:" - noin tuo sanoiksi virkki (SKVR I1 7.) read in context
Spoke these words: - hän tuon on sanoiksi virkki (SKVR I1 9.) read in context
Then spoke these words: - heän tuon sanoiksi virkki (SKVR I1 9 a).) read in context
Spoke these words: - ize tuon sanoixe virkki (SKVR I1 12.) read in context
The father himself spoke: - sanan virkkoi noin nimesi (SKVR I1 16.) read in context
Spoke a word, declared thus: - itse tuon sanoiksi virkki (SKVR I1 17.) read in context
Companion words
Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.
| Word | Association (G²) | Co-occurrences |
|---|---|---|
| virkkoa | 16,611 | 1,785 |
| noin | 12,423 | 1,325 |
| sanoa | 5,578 | 1,240 |
| itse | 4,162 | 951 |
| tuo | 4,159 | 1,286 |
| verkko | 3,435 | 493 |
| saattaa | 2,809 | 499 |
| nimi | 2,488 | 510 |
Song types
Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).
| Song type | Poems |
|---|---|
| Kilpalaulanta | 102 |
| Lemminkäisen virsi | 101 |
| Vipusen virsi | 88 |
| Kyllä on miulla virtosia | 86 |
| Kuolon sanomat | 85 |
| Laulajan alkusanoja | 84 |
| En ole opissa ollut | 83 |
| Laivaretki | 80 |
Collection places
Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.
| Place | Poems |
|---|---|
| Vuokkiniemi | 411 |
| Narvusi | 388 |
| Soikkola | 196 |
| Uhtua | 170 |
| Suistamo | 155 |
| Lempaala | 130 |
| Kontokki | 106 |
| Ilomantsi | 106 |
| Vuole | 103 |
| Sakkola | 100 |
Attestation over time
Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.
| Decade | Poems |
|---|---|
| 1650–1659 | 1 |
| 1690–1699 | 18 |
| 1700–1709 | 19 |
| 1750–1759 | 7 |
| 1760–1769 | 6 |
| 1770–1779 | 19 |
| 1780–1789 | 19 |
| 1800–1809 | 9 |
| 1810–1819 | 63 |
| 1820–1829 | 156 |
| 1830–1839 | 498 |
| 1840–1849 | 622 |
| 1850–1859 | 501 |
| 1860–1869 | 81 |
| 1870–1879 | 363 |
| 1880–1889 | 752 |
| 1890–1899 | 581 |
| 1900–1909 | 410 |
| 1910–1919 | 280 |
| 1920–1929 | 97 |
| 1930–1939 | 487 |
| 1940–1949 | 134 |
| 1950–1959 | 123 |
| 1960–1969 | 109 |
Collectors
The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.
| Collector | Poems |
|---|---|
| Elias Lönnrot | 832 |
| Volmari Porkka | 279 |
| A. A. Borenius | 249 |
| D. E. D. Europaeus | 191 |
| Frans Kärki | 136 |
Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 5,371)
- SKVR: SKVR I1 2., SKVR I1 6., SKVR I1 7., SKVR I1 9., SKVR I1 9 a)., SKVR I1 12., SKVR I1 16., SKVR I1 17., SKVR I1 18., SKVR I1 21., SKVR I1 24., SKVR I1 26., SKVR I1 37., SKVR I1 42., SKVR I1 49., SKVR I1 54., SKVR I1 58., SKVR I1 58 a)., SKVR I1 60., SKVR I1 61., SKVR I1 62., SKVR I1 63 c)., SKVR I1 64., SKVR I1 72., SKVR I1 73., SKVR I1 75., SKVR I1 77 a)., SKVR I1 78., SKVR I1 79., SKVR I1 79 a)., SKVR I1 80., SKVR I1 83 a)., SKVR I1 84., SKVR I1 84 b)., SKVR I1 87., SKVR I1 88., SKVR I1 89., SKVR I1 91., SKVR I1 92., SKVR I1 93., SKVR I1 95., SKVR I1 96., SKVR I1 97., SKVR I1 99., SKVR I1 100., SKVR I1 102., SKVR I1 107., SKVR I1 108., SKVR I1 119., SKVR I1 125., SKVR I1 127., SKVR I1 131., SKVR I1 135., SKVR I1 144., SKVR I1 145., SKVR I1 146., SKVR I1 147., SKVR I1 148., SKVR I1 149., SKVR I1 150.
Related lemmas
- Estonian cognate: sõna
About this profile
The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.
The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.
Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.