hoidma

‘keep’ · runosong lemma · Estonian verb

English gloss	keep
Part of speech	verb
Language	Estonian
Total occurrences	6,137
By corpus	SKVR 0, JR 0, KR 0, ERAB 6,134

The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.

Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution

Attested wordforms

hoia, hoida, oida, hoidemaie, hoian, hoidku, hoidke, hoidis, hoita, hoidsid, hoiab, hoidema, oidemaie, oian, hoidnud, hoidsin, hoitud, hoidemasta, oidke, oidku, hoisi, hoiad, hoit, hois, oidema, oidemasta, oidis, oiab, hoitku, hoidma, hoidko, oidsin, oidsid, hoitke, oidnud, hoise, hoidemast, hoitma, oidvad, hoidamaie … and 255 more of 295 attested forms

In Estonian dictionaries

Definitions are shown in Estonian: the source dictionaries are Estonian-language works.

EKSS

hoidma · 46

1. millestki v. kellestki kinni pidama, seda haardesse jätma, haardest mitte vabastama
2. midagi v. kedagi mingis kohas olla laskma v. olema sundima, teda sinna jätma
3. midagi v. kedagi teat. olukorras, seisundis olla laskma v. olema sundima, teda sellesse jätma
4. midagi säilitama, alal hoidma; midagi säästma, säästlikult kulutama v. kasutama

(+4)

Idamurre

hoidma

Sources: EKSS — Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut (CC BY 4.0) · Idamurde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut

English words in the AI translations

How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.

English word	Uses	Share
keep (kept, keeping, keeps)	3,834	55.5%
guard (guarded, guards, guarding)	1,187	17.2%
hold (held, holds, holding)	996	14.4%
protect (protected)	495	7.2%
tend (tended)	143	2.1%
care	93	1.3%
drive	57	0.8%
let	39	0.6%
ditch	32	0.5%
Uses counted	6,904

Example verses

süles mina oidsin süiessa (AES, MT 43, 56/7) read in context
In my lap I held while eating,
oidke endi neitsipõlve (AES, MT 49, 17/8 (7)) read in context
Guard your maidenhood
ei mind võinud ohjad oida (AES, MT 62, 17) read in context
Reins couldn't hold me,
meie osa oidemasta (AES, MT 84, 3/7) read in context
For receiving our share,
jummal oidku toda näiut (AES, MT 117, 61 (16)) read in context
May God observe this spectacle,
mind ei jövva ohjad oida (AES, MT 174, 34/5) read in context
The reins cannot hold me,
kes on oidand meite oma (AES, MT 174, 44) read in context
Who have raised us as their own,
sääl hoidu mullõ umadsõ (AES, MT 180, 1) read in context
There, keep my kin close to me,

Companion words

Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.

Word	Association (G²)	Co-occurrences
hobune	3,924	767
ohjad	3,870	408
jumal	1,854	323
kaitsma	1,838	295
hani	1,558	286
utt	1,393	171
oma	1,155	483
ilusti	1,089	107

Song types

Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).

Song type	Poems
Kosjahobu söötmine	197
Haned kadunud	180
Lambamäng	96
Memme vaev	96
Tule mulle!	93
Laulu võim	89
Tule mulle	89
Joodikust mees	87

Collection places

Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.

Place	Poems
Setumaa	255
Kolga-Jaani	140
Karksi	136
Paistu	134
Tõstamaa	125
Haljala	110
Halliste	102
Helme	98
Viljandi	95
Tarvastu	92

Attestation over time

Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.

Decade	Poems
1640–1649	1
1820–1829	11
1830–1839	2
1840–1849	4
1850–1859	2
1860–1869	52
1870–1879	329
1880–1889	873
1890–1899	1,070
1900–1909	283
1910–1919	253
1920–1929	388
1930–1939	463
1940–1949	20

Collectors

The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.

Collector	Poems
Karl Voldemar Rosenstrauch	113
Mihkel (Tori) Ostrov	87
koguja teadmata	67
Karl Viljak	63
Jakob Jagomann	55

Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 4,015)

ERAB: AES, MT 43, 56/7, AES, MT 49, 17/8 (7), AES, MT 62, 17, AES, MT 84, 3/7, AES, MT 117, 61 (16), AES, MT 174, 34/5, AES, MT 174, 44, AES, MT 180, 1, AES, MT 187, 36/7, AES MT 208, 21/3, AES, MT 259, 1/6, AES, MT 262, 27, ARS 1, 532/3 (1), ARS 1, 643/5 (1), ARS 1, 735/8 (3), ARS 1, 803 (1), ARS 1, 807 (2), ARS 1, 810 (5), ARS 1, 817 (11), ARS 1, 867 (1), ARS 2, 13/27 (1), ARS 2, 77/80 (12), E A 19 (1), E A 20/1 (3), E A 21 (4), E A 42 (71), E A 59 (107), E A 64/5 (118), E A 120/1 (4), E A 145/6 (15), E A 162/4 (5), E A 222/1 (16), E A 344/6 (7), E A 361 (8), E A 363 (9), E A 381 (12), E A 389, E A 437/9 (3), E A 465 (12), E A 595/8; 613/4, E A 600/1 (3), E A 621 (1), E A 676/7 (10), E A 701/2 (19), E A 715/7, E A 722/5 (2), E A 772/4 (5), E A 792/3 (3), E A 794/5 (5), E A 839/40 (15), E A 888/9 (12), E A 905 (2), E A 915/6 (29), E A 922/3 (4), E A 991/3 (3), E A 1012/3 (9), E A 1033/4 (9), E A 1039/41 (14), E A 1041/6 (15), E A 1065

Related lemmas

Finnish cognate: hoitaa

← hobune hyvä →

About this profile

The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.

The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.

Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.