poeg

‘son’ · runosong lemma · Estonian noun

English gloss	son
Part of speech	noun
Language	Estonian
Total occurrences	11,787
By corpus	SKVR 0, JR 0, KR 0, ERAB 11,787

The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.

Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution

Attested wordforms

poega, poiga, poja, poeg, pojale, poig, pojad, poegi, puega, pojaga, pojal, poegasida, poige, poegadelle, pueg, poigõ, poea, poigo, poead, poegadesta, poegesida, poegadele, poigede, poigadelle, poigä, poegadest, poigada, pojalt, poeal, poegadella, poege, poegisida, poigidelle, poeaga, poegil, poegist, pojas, poeakene, poegade, poegadega … and 80 more of 120 attested forms

In Estonian dictionaries

Definitions are shown in Estonian: the source dictionaries are Estonian-language works.

EKSS

poeg · poja 23

1. meesisik oma vanema(te) suhtes, otsene meessoost järglane
2. looma otsene järglane; noor loom, lind, kala vm
3. pistik, tütartaim vms
4. (poeetilisemas pruugis:) mees oma maa, rahva, ajastu, teat. mõtteviisi vms. (väärika) esindajana

(+1)

EMS

poeg

meessoost järglane, poeglaps
looma, linnu vm poeg
vastne
noor mesilaspere

(+4)

Idamurre

poeg

Seto

poeg

mul kannu õis‿süä kaśsi`poigõ uputaʔ Se

Sources: EKSS — Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut (CC BY 4.0) · EMS — Eesti murrete sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut · Idamurde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut · Seto sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut

English words in the AI translations

How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.

English word	Uses	Share
son (sons, son's, sons')	13,461	93.4%
little	1,173	8.1%
chick (chicks)	464	3.2%
boy (boys, boy's)	316	2.2%
dear	77	0.5%
offspring	69	0.5%
child (children)	55	0.4%
until	31	0.2%
poega	25	0.2%
Uses counted	14,412

Example verses

poegadelle võtab naised (AES, MT 3, 7 (22)) read in context
takes wives for sons.
mis sina nutad poega nuori (AES, MT 3, 14/5) read in context
Why do you cry, young son?
mardil pallu poegisida (AES, MT 3, 21/2) read in context
minu ea poeg toi alva minija (AES, MT 21, 10) read in context
My grown son brought an elven daughter-in-law,
võttis poea perra (AES, MT 43, 69) read in context
Took the cub under care.
löüäd poja poolikulla kaske (AES, MT 45, 5/8) read in context
Strike the son with half-coin, birch
mis sa nutad puega nuori (AES, MT 49, 13/4 (4)) read in context
Why weep, young son?
poja viltu kõvere (AES, MT 54, 3/4 (5)) read in context
The sons [are] crooked curves...

Companion words

Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.

Word	Association (G²)	Co-occurrences
tundma	6,880	1,202
isa	4,731	1,160
noor	4,619	1,243
noorem	3,127	419
nutma	2,968	691
kalev	2,593	404
nirk	2,212	281
ema	1,607	691

Song types

Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).

Song type	Poems
Venna sõjalugu	486
Sõjalaul	327
Hiire pulmad	284
Tütarde tapja	186
Loomine	157
Arg kosilane	140
Härjad murtud	106
Hobune varastatud	84

Collection places

Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.

Place	Poems
Setumaa	277
Kuusalu	254
Haljala	216
Kolga-Jaani	210
Paistu	188
Viljandi	179
Karksi	154
Jõhvi	145
Tarvastu	137
Ambla	133

Attestation over time

Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.

Decade	Poems
1800–1809	1
1820–1829	6
1840–1849	9
1850–1859	5
1860–1869	51
1870–1879	435
1880–1889	1,321
1890–1899	1,651
1900–1909	388
1910–1919	435
1920–1929	645
1930–1939	790
1940–1949	51
1950–1959	1

Collectors

The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.

Collector	Poems
Mihkel (Tori) Ostrov	181
Karl Voldemar Rosenstrauch	177
Karl Viljak	155
Richard Viidalepp (Viidebaum)	125
Oskar Philipp Kallas	119

Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 6,225)

ERAB: AES, MT 3, 7 (22), AES, MT 3, 14/5, AES, MT 3, 21/2, AES, MT 21, 10, AES, MT 43, 69, AES, MT 45, 5/8, AES, MT 49, 13/4 (4), AES, MT 54, 3/4 (5), AES, MT 62, 11 (1), AES, MT 62, 11 (2), AES, MT 70, 29, AES, MT 71, 31/2 (13), AES, MT 76, 11/12 (3), AES, MT 76, 33/4 (5), AES, MT 102, 20 (2), AES, MT 141, 6/7, AES, MT 141, 18/20, AES, MT 141, 28/30, AES, MT 141, 30/1, AES, MT 141, 36/7, AES, MT 145, 1/12, AES, MT 154, 5, AES, MT 163, 3/4 (2), AES, MT 163, 4/7 (3), AES, MT 187, 36/7, AES, MT 197, 5/8, AES, MT 200, 64/5, AES, MT 200, 69/71, AES, MT 205, 4/5, AES, MT 205, 11/6, AES, MT 230, 3/5, AES, MT 230, 10, AES, MT 236, 41, AES, MT 247, 54/6, AES, MT 262, 32/3, AES, MT 268, 4, AES, MT 282, 24, AES, MT 294, 33 (24), ARS 1, 421/4 (2), ARS 1, 512/6 (3), ARS 1, 527/31 (1), ARS 1, 707 (1), ARS 1, 735/8 (3), ARS 1, 851/7 (1), ARS 1, 900 (3), ARS 1, 910/13 (1), ARS 2, 81/8 (13), ARS 2, 263 (30), ARS 2, 266 (33), ARS 2, 311 (79), ARS 2, 347 (114), ARS 2, 361 (128), ARS 2, 605 (13), E A 23 (2), E A 26 (1), E A 29/30 (10), E A 63 (115), E A 68/9 (126), E A 74/5 (138), E A 98

Related lemmas

Finnish cognate: poika

← piä pohja →

About this profile

The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.

The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.

Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.