kuulma

‘hear’ · runosong lemma · Estonian verb

English gloss	hear
Part of speech	verb
Language	Estonian
Total occurrences	17,289
By corpus	SKVR 0, JR 0, KR 0, ERAB 17,289

The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.

Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution

Attested wordforms

kuule, kuuli, kuulis, kuuleb, kuulsin, kuulda, kuulen, kuulge, kuulõ, kuuled, kuulnud, kuulab, kuulemaie, kuula, kuuldes, kullemaie, kuulas, kuulsid, kuulid, kuuld, kuulevada, kuulemata, kuulma, kuulnu, kuuldi, kuulgem, kuulamata, kuuldu, kuulevad, kuulsi, kuulan, kullõma, kuulkõ, kuulavad, kuulgõ, kuulvad, kuulke, kuuliv, kuulema, kuuldud … and 312 more of 352 attested forms

In Estonian dictionaries

Definitions are shown in Estonian: the source dictionaries are Estonian-language works.

EKSS

kuulma · kuulen 44

1. hääli, helisid kuulmiselundi abil tajuma ja eristama, kuulmise teel vastu võtma
2. kellegi rääkimis(t)est teada saama
3. kellegi õpetust, nõuannet, käsku jne. arvestama ning sellele vastavalt toimima, kuulama (3. täh.)
4. kuulama (1. täh.)

EMS

kuulma

kuulmisvõimet omama; heli, häält tajuma
teeb, nagu ei kuulekski
juttudest, teiste räägitust kuulda (ja teada) saama; teada olema
kuuldavasti

(+12)

Idamurre

kuulma

Moistatuste

kuulma

ka: surema

Sources: EKSS — Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut (CC BY 4.0) · EMS — Eesti murrete sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut · Idamurde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut · Mõistatuste murdesõnad

English words in the AI translations

How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.

English word	Uses	Share
hear (heard, hears, hearing)	16,393	84.2%
listen (listens, listened)	2,641	13.6%
moon	185	1.0%
unheard	98	0.5%
die (died)	62	0.3%
bullet (bullets)	53	0.3%
belong	33	0.2%
while	30	0.2%
Uses counted	19,465

Example verses

kardan koju kuulemaie (AES, MT 3, 11 (36)) read in context
I fear being heard at home.
isa kuulis anne ääre (AES, MT 3, 13) read in context
Father heard Ann's plea:
kudruskael jäi kuulamata (AES, MT 3, 14) read in context
The embroidered neck remained unheard,
kudruskael jäi kuulamata (AES, MT 3, 14) read in context
The embroidered neck remained unheard,
siis piad kuulma kuke ääle (AES, MT 27, 16/31 (6)) read in context
Then you must heed the rooster
temä ärä kuuli (AES, MT 34, 6/8) read in context
He passed away.
kuuli ma hiiro ikevät (AES, MT 40, 8 (10)) read in context
I heard mice squeaking,
kuuli käo kuuguvat (AES, MT 40, 9 (12)) read in context
Heard the cuckoo calling,

Companion words

Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.

Word	Association (G²)	Co-occurrences
kostma	20,652	2,939
vastu	6,888	1,680
jälle	4,247	874
kuld	3,143	972
hääl	2,249	514
kukk	2,207	498
kodu	1,725	879
kus	1,608	781

Song types

Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).

Song type	Poems
Arg laulik	337
Laulu võim	335
Ema haual	259
Kust laulud saadud	203
Oma ema ja võõrasema ootavad koju	200
Tähemõrsja	164
Kust laulud	154
Salme	150

Collection places

Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.

Place	Poems
Setumaa	729
Karksi	494
Haljala	370
Paistu	352
Kuusalu	337
Tarvastu	251
Kolga-Jaani	221
Ambla	221
Halliste	216
Helme	199

Attestation over time

Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.

Decade	Poems
1800–1809	1
1820–1829	12
1830–1839	2
1840–1849	6
1850–1859	6
1860–1869	82
1870–1879	685
1880–1889	2,291
1890–1899	2,848
1900–1909	646
1910–1919	736
1920–1929	928
1930–1939	1,019
1940–1949	62

Collectors

The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.

Collector	Poems
Karl Voldemar Rosenstrauch	285
Karl Viljak	240
Mihkel (Tori) Ostrov	221
Gustav Vilberg (Vilbaste)	170
Joosep Hurt	161

Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 9,916)

ERAB: AES, MT 3, 11 (36), AES, MT 3, 13, AES, MT 3, 14, AES, MT 3, 14, AES, MT 27, 16/31 (6), AES, MT 34, 6/8, AES, MT 40, 8 (10), AES, MT 40, 9 (12), AES, MT 40, 19 (22), AES, MT 40, 23/4 (30), AES, MT 44, 1, AES, MT 45, 5/8, AES, MT 49, 21/2 (10), AES, MT 54, 3 (4), AES, MT 62, 19/20, AES, MT 64, 32/3, AES, MT 65, 15, AES, MT 66, 10/12, AES, MT 76, 10 (2), AES, MT 76, 28/30 (2), AES, MT 77, 9, AES, MT 84, 1/2, AES MT 287, 15/7, AES, MT 102, 10, AES, MT 102, 11, AES, MT 102, 29 (4), AES, MT 117, 60 (14), AES, MT 130, 32/3 (3), AES, MT 137, 12/4, AES, MT 141, 5, AES, MT 141, 12/13, AES, MT 141, 25/6, AES, MT 141, 28, AES, MT 145, 1/12, AES, MT 152, 3/6, AES, MT 154, 6, AES, MT 154, 7, AES, MT 154, 7/8, AES, MT 161, 23/7, AES, MT 163, 3/4 (2), AES, MT 163, 15/17 (8), AES, MT 165, 5/66, AES, MT 174, 28/9, AES, MT 174, 35, AES, MT 174, 36, AES, MT 174, 37/8, AES, MT 183, 14/5, AES, MT 186, 113/5, AES, MT 188, 54/5 (2), AES, MT 200, 59/61, AES, MT 200, 63/4, AES, MT 200, 67/8, AES, MT 205, 11/6, AES, MT 205, 32/3, AES, MT 205, 34, AES, MT 205, 35/6, AES, MT 205, 36, AES MT 210, 3/5, AES MT 210, 13/4, AES, MT 219, 18

Related lemmas

Finnish cognate: kuulla

← kuulla kylmä →

About this profile

The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.

The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.

Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.