tundma

‘feel; know’ · runosong lemma · Estonian verb

English gloss	feel; know
Part of speech	verb
Language	Estonian
Total occurrences	6,984
By corpus	SKVR 0, JR 0, KR 0, ERAB 6,984

The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.

Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution

Attested wordforms

tunne, tunnud, tundis, tunned, tunneb, tund, tunda, tundsin, tundsid, tunnõ, tundemaie, tundse, tundma, tundsõ, tundemata, tundema, tundamaie, tundemahe, tundke, tundend, tunnegi, tunneme, tundnud, tunnevad, tundsi, tunnub, tundõmahe, tunsid, tunnõõs, tunnõs, tunneks, tunnõd, tundai, tunnuks, tunnete, tundes, tunds, tuntaks, tunnd, tunnõi … and 131 more of 171 attested forms

In Estonian dictionaries

Definitions are shown in Estonian: the source dictionaries are Estonian-language works.

EKSS

tundma · tunnen 46

1. (aistingute vastuvõtmise ja mitmesuguste organismi seisundite tajumise kohta)
2. hingelist elamust kogema, läbi elama
3. (vaistlikult, ebamääraselt) tajuma, aduma, aru saama; tundemeele kaudu teadlikuks saama; (ette) aimama
4. kogema, maitsma (sageli -infinitiivis, koos verbiga )

(+7)

Idamurre

tundma

Sources: EKSS — Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut (CC BY 4.0) · Idamurde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut

English words in the AI translations

How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.

English word	Uses	Share
recognize (recognized, recognizes)	4,956	55.1%
know (knows, knew, known, knowing)	2,653	29.5%
feel (felt, feels, feeling)	1,147	12.8%
hour	105	1.2%
sign	43	0.5%
unrecognized	42	0.5%
knowledge	29	0.3%
come (came)	21	0.2%
Uses counted	8,996

Example verses

mas tundunu tuima naasõ (AES, MT 44, 3) read in context
I have known a stern woman,
tunnid tulla tunne olla kaske (AES, MT 45, 5/8) read in context
Know to come, know to stay, birch
pöördsin selga tundsin seina (AES, MT 62, 19/20) read in context
Turned my back, felt the wall,
kui ma sind ei tunnegi (AES, MT 76, 33/4 (5)) read in context
when I don’t know you?
pöörtsin selga tundsin seina (AES, MT 84, 1/2) read in context
I turned my back, felt the wall,
tule isä tunne poiga (AES, MT 141, 18/20) read in context
"Come father, know your son",
ei kumgi tunne ädä meist (AES, MT 163, 56/7 (1)) read in context
Neither knows the spirit of us.
esi tunnõ toimitsit (AES, MT 180, 7/8 (c)) read in context
Father’s known deeds,

Companion words

Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.

Word	Association (G²)	Co-occurrences
tulema	7,139	2,272
poeg	6,880	1,202
vend	5,522	1,240
õde	2,568	558
isa	2,294	611
ema	1,720	588
tuim	1,709	260
kust	1,615	327

Song types

Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).

Song type	Poems
Venna sõjalugu	469
Sõjalaul	323
Tunnen tuima neiu	152
Tunnen tuima	126
Kasvatus asjatu	73
Kasvatus asjata	56
Noorik kodu käimas	52
Kodu käimas	38

Collection places

Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.

Place	Poems
Setumaa	222
Haljala	141
Kuusalu	130
Kolga-Jaani	118
Paistu	109
Tarvastu	98
Karksi	90
Helme	88
Halliste	71
Kadrina	69

Attestation over time

Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.

Decade	Poems
1800–1809	1
1820–1829	14
1840–1849	3
1850–1859	4
1860–1869	28
1870–1879	243
1880–1889	756
1890–1899	866
1900–1909	231
1910–1919	245
1920–1929	292
1930–1939	374
1940–1949	28
1950–1959	1

Collectors

The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.

Collector	Poems
Karl Voldemar Rosenstrauch	74
Karl Viljak	73
koguja teadmata	72
Mihkel (Tori) Ostrov	67
Joosep Hurt	49

Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 3,310)

ERAB: AES, MT 44, 3, AES, MT 45, 5/8, AES, MT 62, 19/20, AES, MT 76, 33/4 (5), AES, MT 84, 1/2, AES, MT 141, 18/20, AES, MT 163, 56/7 (1), AES, MT 180, 7/8 (c), AES, MT 183, 14/5, AES, MT 186, 108, AES, MT 197, 5/8, AES, MT 200, 62, AES, MT 205, 6/7, AES, MT 236, 33, AES, MT 259, 1/6, AES, MT 262, 23, AES, MT 262, 27, ARS 1, 469/70 (1), ARS 1, 478 (1), ARS 1, 654 (3), ARS 1, 655/6 (1), ARS 1, 910/13 (1), E A 21/2 (5), E A 23 (2), E A 77/8 (143), E A 117/9 (2), E A 166 (7), E A 191/3 (2), E A 212/9 (4), E A 244/8 (11), E A 290 (48), E A 303/7, E A 350/4 (10), E A 559/62 (21), E A 577/8 (3), E A 580/1 (9), E A 600/1 (3), E A 627/8 (15), E A 695/6 (14), E A 722/5 (2), E A 725/8 (3), E A 743, E A 808/9 (3), E A 830 (7), E A 832/5 (10), E A 859/62 (9), E A 867/9 (13), E A 883/4 (8), E A 970/4 (8), E A 976 (3), E A 997 (2), EKLA, f. 199, m. 5: 1, l. 157-158, EKLA, f. 47, m. 28: 25, l. 3/5, EKLA, f. 47, m. 28: 25, l. 3/5p (2), EKLA, f. 47, m. 28: 25, l. 3/6 (9), EKLA, f. 47, m. 28: 25, l. 6/15-6/16, EKmS 4° 1, 15 (18), EKmS 4° 1, 86 (128), EKmS 4° 1, 91 (136), EKmS 4° 1, 96 (144)

Related lemmas

Finnish cognate: tuntea

← tulla tuntea →

About this profile

The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.

The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.

Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.