alkaa
‘begin’ · runosong lemma · Finnish verb
| English gloss | begin |
|---|---|
| Part of speech | verb |
| Language | Finnish |
| Total occurrences | 4,771 |
| By corpus | SKVR 3,012, JR 1,759, KR 122 poems, ERAB 0 |
The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.
Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution
Attested wordforms
alkoi, alko, aloin, alkaa, alkoit, alan, alon, alkaat, alkoivat, aloi, alat, aloit, alkaapi, alkavat, alkamaan, alkaessa, alka, alako, algo, alkopa, alkanut, alkapi, alkakaa, alkavi, alakaa, alloin, alkamasta, alkoipa, algoi, alkakaat, alkamahan, alkkaa, alakaan, alkaneepi, alkavan, alkais, alkamalla, alkamatta, alkanemma, alkoa … and 81 more of 121 attested forms
English words in the AI translations
How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.
| English word | Uses | Share |
|---|---|---|
| begin (began, begins, begun, beginning) | 5,003 | 97.7% |
| start (started, starting) | 63 | 1.2% |
| downwards | 16 | 0.3% |
| alkoi | 9 | 0.2% |
| aloin | 7 | 0.1% |
| lower | 7 | 0.1% |
| under | 6 | 0.1% |
| Uses counted | 5,122 |
Example verses
- alkoi ilo ilolla käyä (SKVR I1 49.) read in context
Joy began meeting joy, - alkopa takuo raskutella (SKVR I1 119.) read in context
Began to forge with effort. - alko lohta leikkailla (SKVR I1 259.) read in context
He began to slice the salmon - pää alan asettajaks (SKVR I1 278.) read in context
To set your head low, - alko purtta puujaella (SKVR I1 369.) read in context
Began nailing the boat, - alko soutaa luikuttaa (SKVR I1 377.) read in context
Began to row clumsily - alkoi siellä souvellaki (SKVR I1 379.) read in context
Began to row there, - alkoi siellä souvellaki (SKVR I1 424.) read in context
Began to row there too,
Companion words
Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.
| Word | Association (G²) | Co-occurrences |
|---|---|---|
| kysellä | 3,123 | 345 |
| neito | 1,723 | 453 |
| märätä | 690 | 61 |
| kitkeä | 635 | 76 |
| vihata | 624 | 78 |
| huomispäivä | 620 | 48 |
| haastatella | 525 | 49 |
| laitella | 521 | 85 |
Song types
Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).
| Song type | Poems |
|---|---|
| Rutsa | 122 |
| Iivana Kojosenpoika | 95 |
| Suka mereen | 94 |
| Katrina kotikananen | 92 |
| Konnusta kosinta | 83 |
| Äidin kuolo | 78 |
| Päätään pesemätön tyttö | 73 |
| Varkaalle menijä | 63 |
Collection places
Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.
| Place | Poems |
|---|---|
| Narvusi | 427 |
| Soikkola | 265 |
| Lempaala | 230 |
| Kaprio | 131 |
| Vuole | 129 |
| Sakkola | 115 |
| Moloskovitsa | 81 |
| Tyrö | 70 |
| Metsäpirtti | 70 |
| Rautu | 64 |
Attestation over time
Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.
| Decade | Poems |
|---|---|
| 1690–1699 | 5 |
| 1700–1709 | 2 |
| 1750–1759 | 3 |
| 1760–1769 | 2 |
| 1780–1789 | 7 |
| 1810–1819 | 16 |
| 1820–1829 | 27 |
| 1830–1839 | 104 |
| 1840–1849 | 244 |
| 1850–1859 | 463 |
| 1860–1869 | 60 |
| 1870–1879 | 59 |
| 1880–1889 | 575 |
| 1890–1899 | 403 |
| 1900–1909 | 336 |
| 1910–1919 | 182 |
| 1920–1929 | 40 |
| 1930–1939 | 355 |
| 1940–1949 | 83 |
| 1950–1959 | 63 |
| 1960–1969 | 84 |
Collectors
The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.
| Collector | Poems |
|---|---|
| Volmari Porkka | 378 |
| Forsberg (Alava), Vihtori | 206 |
| Elias Lönnrot | 151 |
| Jaako Länkelä | 136 |
| A. D. Neovius | 128 |
Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 3,117)
- SKVR: SKVR I1 49., SKVR I1 119., SKVR I1 259., SKVR I1 278., SKVR I1 369., SKVR I1 377., SKVR I1 379., SKVR I1 424., SKVR I1 426., SKVR I1 454., SKVR I1 612., SKVR I1 638., SKVR I2 702., SKVR I2 722., SKVR I2 722 a)., SKVR I2 726., SKVR I2 744 b)., SKVR I2 849., SKVR I2 960., SKVR I2 960 a)., SKVR I2 971., SKVR I2 1019., SKVR I3 1341., SKVR I3 2061., SKVR I4 240., SKVR I4 583., SKVR I4 798., SKVR I4 2134., SKVR I4 2154., SKVR I4 2166., SKVR I4 2167., SKVR II 30., SKVR II 207., SKVR II 331., SKVR III1 39., SKVR III1 41., SKVR III1 42., SKVR III1 68., SKVR III1 71., SKVR III1 75., SKVR III1 78., SKVR III1 82., SKVR III1 83., SKVR III1 97., SKVR III1 101., SKVR III1 128., SKVR III1 144., SKVR III1 146., SKVR III1 152., SKVR III1 155., SKVR III1 165., SKVR III1 167., SKVR III1 179., SKVR III1 185., SKVR III1 197., SKVR III1 200., SKVR III1 215., SKVR III1 216., SKVR III1 222., SKVR III1 223.
Related lemmas
- Estonian cognate: algama
About this profile
The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.
The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.
Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.