viima
‘take’ · runosong lemma · Estonian and Finnish verb
| English gloss | take |
|---|---|
| Part of speech | verb |
| Language | Estonian and Finnish |
| Total occurrences | 17,148 |
| By corpus | SKVR 123, JR 54, KR 10 poems, ERAB 16,970 |
The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.
Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution
Attested wordforms
viidi, viisin, viib, viige, viia, viin, viisid, viigu, viiakse, viime, viias, viinud, viima, viid, viite, viivad, viiti, viiä, viiäs, viida, viind, viiaks, viiks, viiasse, viidanessa, veiva, veetud, viidanesse, viidaneksi, viimä, viidaks, viimo, viiessagi, viiessa, viitud, viieessa, vieneb, viigem, viiässe, viidavada … and 161 more of 201 attested forms
In Estonian dictionaries
Definitions are shown in Estonian: the source dictionaries are Estonian-language works.
EKSS
viima · 40
- 1. midagi v. kedagi kusagilt lähemalt kellelegi v. kuhugi kaugemale toimetama (kandes, vedades v. endaga kaasa võttes; juhtides); ant. tooma
- 2. teise asukohta kolima v. teise ametisse, teisele töökohale suunama; üle v. edasi viima
- 3. (millelegi muule) juhtima v. suunama
- 4. teat. suunas paiknema v. kulgema, kuhugi minna v. välja jõuda võimaldama; minema (12. täh.), siirduma
Idamurre
viima
Sources: EKSS — Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut (CC BY 4.0) · Idamurde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut
English words in the AI translations
How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.
| English word | Uses | Share |
|---|---|---|
| take (taken, took, takes, taking) | 14,231 | 82.3% |
| carry (carries, carried, carrying) | 1,121 | 6.5% |
| lead (led, leads, leading) | 764 | 4.4% |
| five (fives, five's) | 427 | 2.5% |
| bring (brought, brings, bringing) | 322 | 1.9% |
| let (let's) | 225 | 1.3% |
| away | 107 | 0.6% |
| last (last's) | 65 | 0.4% |
| fivefold | 35 | 0.2% |
| even | 29 | 0.2% |
| Uses counted | 17,288 |
Example verses
- iästä vihaisen viiman (SKVR I1 16.) read in context
From age, a furious gale. - viiä viilletelläksesi (SKVR I1 79 a).) read in context
To carry you freezing - viiä viiletelläksehen (SKVR I1 83 b).) read in context
- viiman on vilun lähätän (SKVR I1 88.) read in context
- metsast viiakse mehele (AES, MT 3, 6 (16)) read in context
From the forest, [they] are wed off, - viisin ella einamalle (AES, MT 3, 7 (23)) read in context
I took food to the feast-hall, - siis viige mind rie peale (AES, MT 3, 9 (30)) read in context
Then carry me on the bier, - viisin ella einamaale (AES, MT 3, 17) read in context
I took her to the evening feast-land,
Companion words
Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.
| Word | Association (G²) | Co-occurrences |
|---|---|---|
| vesi | 2,858 | 1,386 |
| kodu | 2,200 | 1,091 |
| viru | 1,981 | 464 |
| ära | 1,618 | 886 |
| magama | 1,608 | 562 |
| venemaa | 1,453 | 250 |
| viin | 1,428 | 421 |
| heinamaa | 1,264 | 269 |
Song types
Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).
| Song type | Poems |
|---|---|
| Põlvist põdema | 238 |
| Tõbine naine | 225 |
| Kaasa kaugel | 196 |
| Ema haual | 165 |
| Tule mulle! | 162 |
| Must naine | 160 |
| Tule mulle | 158 |
| Kasvatus asjatu | 129 |
Collection places
Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.
| Place | Poems |
|---|---|
| Setumaa | 407 |
| Kolga-Jaani | 311 |
| Haljala | 302 |
| Kuusalu | 279 |
| Ambla | 270 |
| Viljandi | 265 |
| Tarvastu | 245 |
| Tõstamaa | 240 |
| Paistu | 224 |
| Kadrina | 218 |
Attestation over time
Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.
| Decade | Poems |
|---|---|
| 1780–1789 | 1 |
| 1810–1819 | 3 |
| 1820–1829 | 16 |
| 1830–1839 | 32 |
| 1840–1849 | 56 |
| 1850–1859 | 89 |
| 1860–1869 | 84 |
| 1870–1879 | 682 |
| 1880–1889 | 2,323 |
| 1890–1899 | 2,998 |
| 1900–1909 | 692 |
| 1910–1919 | 819 |
| 1920–1929 | 887 |
| 1930–1939 | 1,028 |
| 1940–1949 | 73 |
| 1950–1959 | 13 |
| 1960–1969 | 9 |
Collectors
The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.
| Collector | Poems |
|---|---|
| Karl Voldemar Rosenstrauch | 343 |
| Mihkel (Tori) Ostrov | 247 |
| Karl Viljak | 244 |
| Oskar Philipp Kallas | 155 |
| Gustav Vilberg (Vilbaste) | 155 |
Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 10,410)
- SKVR: SKVR I1 16., SKVR I1 79 a)., SKVR I1 83 b)., SKVR I1 88., SKVR I1 494., SKVR I1 499., SKVR I2 758., SKVR I2 802., SKVR I2 1227., SKVR I2 1233., SKVR I2 1234., SKVR I2 1237., SKVR I3 1334., SKVR I3 1525., SKVR I3 1620., SKVR I3 1636., SKVR I3 1637., SKVR I3 1641., SKVR I3 1642., SKVR I3 1686 a)., SKVR I3 1881., SKVR I4 79., SKVR I4 359., SKVR I4 383., SKVR I4 499., SKVR I4 572., SKVR I4 584., SKVR I4 847., SKVR I4 848., SKVR I4 905., SKVR I4 906., SKVR I4 906 a)., SKVR I4 906 b)., SKVR I4 947., SKVR I4 1089., SKVR I4 1095 a)., SKVR I4 1169., SKVR I4 1409., SKVR I4 1529., SKVR I4 1772., SKVR I4 2266., SKVR II 152., SKVR II 152 a)., SKVR II 152 b)., SKVR II 155., SKVR II 186., SKVR II 323., SKVR II 330 a)., SKVR II 494., SKVR II 500., SKVR II 506., SKVR II 844., SKVR II 1254., SKVR II 1283., SKVR III1 141., SKVR III1 171., SKVR III1 172., SKVR III1 175., SKVR III1 256., SKVR III1 275.
Related lemmas
- Finnish cognate: viedä
About this profile
The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.
The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.
Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.
Uses of these spellings that the AI analysis read as another word are left out of the verses and counts: In Estonian: viin
Forms of other words are left out of the verses and counts.
In Finnish: viime, viimo
The total and per-corpus counts at the top of the page are the lexicon’s: the uses the lemmatizer gave to this word. The uses below are counted by spelling in the same corpora, so a spelling this page shares with another word’s page is counted on both pages, and the two figures can differ either way.
In Estonian:
Uses shown on this page: 15,257
Uses left out as another word: 323
Uses left out because the AI reading could not be matched to the verse: 0
In Finnish:
Uses shown on this page: 811
Uses left out as another word: 237
Uses left out because the AI reading could not be matched to the verse: 0