miekka

‘sword’ · runosong lemma · Finnish noun

English gloss	sword
Part of speech	noun
Language	Finnish
Total occurrences	6,220
By corpus	SKVR 4,171, JR 2,049, KR 198 poems, ERAB 0

The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.

Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution

Attested wordforms

miekka, miekan, miekalla, miekat, miekkaa, miekkoi, miekkojen, miekoin, miekasta, miekkansa, mieka, miekkoa, miekkoja, miekkojamme, miekkojana, miakallansa, miekallista, miakat, miekastani, miekkas, miekkani, miekkasi, miekk, miekallansa, mieko, miekkoinensa, miekastan, miekkojansa, meekka, miakan, miekkonehe, miekastain, miekko, miekkoo, miekkoneen, miekkoansa, miekast, miekkahan, miekkoineen, miekkoin … and 241 more of 281 attested forms

English words in the AI translations

How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.

English word	Uses	Share
sword (swords, sword's, swords')	6,188	99.1%
Uses counted	6,246

Example verses

veälti miekan vierestähe (SKVR I1 9.) read in context
Drew sword from his side,
veäldi miekan vierestähe (SKVR I1 9 a).) read in context
Drew his sword from his side,
miekka tungekse tulesta (SKVR I1 21.) read in context
"A sword thrust from the fire,"
miesten miekkojen teriä (SKVR I1 42.) read in context
To edges of men's swords.
miestä miekallista (SKVR I1 54.) read in context
Men with swords,
ota miekkasi omasi (SKVR I1 57.) read in context
Take your own sword
tuhat om miestä miekallista (SKVR I1 58.) read in context
miekotti sata om miestä (SKVR I1 58 a).) read in context

Companion words

Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.

Word	Association (G²)	Co-occurrences
mies	3,220	784
meri	2,456	669
vyö	2,410	346
seisoa	1,635	317
niinkuin	920	193
mieluisa	916	94
mitellä	915	83
tulinen	659	132

Song types

Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).

Song type	Poems
Verensulku	263
Sotamiehenotto	156
Lemminkäisen virsi	145
Suka mereen	130
Lunastettava neito	125
Raudan sanat	106
Laivaretki	104
Raudan synty	99

Collection places

Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.

Place	Poems
Narvusi	213
Vuokkiniemi	196
Suistamo	169
Soikkola	124
Ilomantsi	85
Suojärvi	84
Repola	66
Lempaala	58
Kontokki	57
Uhtua	51

Attestation over time

Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.

Decade	Poems
1690–1699	6
1700–1709	11
1720–1729	1
1750–1759	1
1760–1769	2
1770–1779	1
1780–1789	21
1800–1809	3
1810–1819	48
1820–1829	71
1830–1839	210
1840–1849	329
1850–1859	259
1860–1869	35
1870–1879	192
1880–1889	575
1890–1899	345
1900–1909	273
1910–1919	205
1920–1929	52
1930–1939	291
1940–1949	92
1950–1959	88
1960–1969	32

Collectors

The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.

Collector	Poems
Elias Lönnrot	330
Kaarle Krohn	191
Volmari Porkka	154
A. A. Borenius	132
D. E. D. Europaeus	130

Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 3,157)

SKVR: SKVR I1 9., SKVR I1 9 a)., SKVR I1 21., SKVR I1 42., SKVR I1 54., SKVR I1 57., SKVR I1 58., SKVR I1 58 a)., SKVR I1 61., SKVR I1 63 a)., SKVR I1 63 b)., SKVR I1 72., SKVR I1 73., SKVR I1 83 a)., SKVR I1 83 b)., SKVR I1 89., SKVR I1 92., SKVR I1 96., SKVR I1 156., SKVR I1 156 a)., SKVR I1 156 b)., SKVR I1 255., SKVR I1 257., SKVR I1 272., SKVR I1 340., SKVR I1 361., SKVR I1 361 a)., SKVR I1 361 b)., SKVR I1 363., SKVR I1 369., SKVR I1 375., SKVR I1 384., SKVR I1 387., SKVR I1 387 a)., SKVR I1 392., SKVR I1 393., SKVR I1 395., SKVR I1 397., SKVR I1 399., SKVR I1 401 a)., SKVR I1 403., SKVR I1 404., SKVR I1 408., SKVR I1 409., SKVR I1 410., SKVR I1 410 a)., SKVR I1 412., SKVR I1 414., SKVR I1 415., SKVR I1 416., SKVR I1 418., SKVR I1 419., SKVR I1 420., SKVR I1 422., SKVR I1 427., SKVR I1 427 a)., SKVR I1 442., SKVR I1 449., SKVR I1 449 a)., SKVR I1 458.

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About this profile

The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.

The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.

Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.