kallis
‘dear’ · runosong lemma · Estonian and Finnish adjective
| English gloss | dear |
|---|---|
| Part of speech | adjective |
| Language | Estonian and Finnish |
| Total occurrences | 13,839 |
| By corpus | SKVR 515, JR 518, KR 118 poems, ERAB 12,688 |
The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems.
Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution
Attested wordforms
kalli, kallu, kale, kallella, kallus, kalliks, kallilõ, kallike, tyyris, kallieste, kallin, kallima, kallihe, kallit, kallõv, kalõvatsõ, kallud, kallilla, kallisti, kallusõ, kalis, kalõvit, kallehet, kallehe, kallehen, kallihemman, kallakene, kalliid, kallip, kaltisalle, kalliilla, kallilt, kalist, kalliista, kallimasse, kallimat, kalliimpi, kall, kalliiste, kallimalle … and 431 more of 471 attested forms
In Estonian dictionaries
Definitions are shown in Estonian: the source dictionaries are Estonian-language works.
EKSS
kallis · adj piltl
- 1. hinnaline, palju maksev; kulukas;
- 2. oluline, tähtis, väärtuslik
- 3. armas (1. täh.), südamelähedane
- 4. (tagasihoidliku soovi, palve puhul:) hea, lahke, vastutulelik
EMS
kallis
- hinnaline, palju maksev
- oluline, tähtis, väärtuslik
- armas, südamelähedane
- pai, hea, tore, lahke
Idamurre
kallis
Sources: EKSS — Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut (CC BY 4.0) · EMS — Eesti murrete sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut · Idamurde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut
English senses in context
How the AI analysis rendered this lemma in English, as a share of the entry’s analyzed uses. The analysis groups a lemma with its variant and cognate spellings, so close cognates can share one profile.
| Sense | Share |
|---|---|
| dear | 62.6% |
| precious | 27.7% |
| expensive | 5.1% |
| one | 1.5% |
| dear's | 1.2% |
| dearer | 0.9% |
| ones | 0.7% |
| embrace | 0.4% |
| more | 0.4% |
| beloved | 0.3% |
Example verses
- kuta kallella kypärinä (SKVR I1 63 a).) read in context
Where is your helmet’s burden?" - kuta kallella kypärinä (SKVR I1 63 b).) read in context
Where are you helm-clad and burdened?" - saapka kallella kypärin (SKVR I1 72.) read in context
Came helmed in pride. - kaiken kallella kupärin (SKVR I1 94.) read in context
- karu kallis sõiduruuna (AES, MT 3, 6 (16)) read in context
Bear the prized steed, - kannin kalli kaare peale (AES, MT 3, 7 (23)) read in context
Carried the dear one on the arc, - minu kallis pruudikene (AES, MT 3, 19) read in context
My precious little bride, - karu kallis sõiduruuna (AES, MT 3, 26) read in context
The bear as the prized steed,
Companion words
Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.
| Word | Association (G²) | Co-occurrences |
|---|---|---|
| kaasa | 6,319 | 1,037 |
| armas | 4,058 | 907 |
| naine | 1,977 | 798 |
| kangepea | 1,743 | 172 |
| kasvataja | 1,370 | 183 |
| aeg | 1,361 | 406 |
| katma | 1,080 | 234 |
| kasemets | 1,069 | 138 |
Song types
Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).
| Song type | Poems |
|---|---|
| Venna sõjalugu | 400 |
| Sõjalaul | 276 |
| Tule mulle! | 100 |
| Tule mulle | 97 |
| Kolm metsa | 86 |
| Põlvist põdema | 72 |
| Ema haual | 71 |
| Tõbine naine | 70 |
Collection places
Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.
| Place | Poems |
|---|---|
| Setumaa | 792 |
| Haljala | 258 |
| Kuusalu | 238 |
| Paistu | 164 |
| Jõhvi | 158 |
| Ambla | 153 |
| Kadrina | 152 |
| Kolga-Jaani | 147 |
| Helme | 139 |
| Räpina | 138 |
Attestation over time
Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.
| Decade | Poems |
|---|---|
| 1690–1699 | 2 |
| 1700–1709 | 1 |
| 1740–1749 | 1 |
| 1750–1759 | 2 |
| 1760–1769 | 3 |
| 1780–1789 | 1 |
| 1800–1809 | 1 |
| 1810–1819 | 1 |
| 1820–1829 | 26 |
| 1830–1839 | 58 |
| 1840–1849 | 66 |
| 1850–1859 | 79 |
| 1860–1869 | 88 |
| 1870–1879 | 507 |
| 1880–1889 | 1,592 |
| 1890–1899 | 1,761 |
| 1900–1909 | 461 |
| 1910–1919 | 533 |
| 1920–1929 | 544 |
| 1930–1939 | 974 |
| 1940–1949 | 76 |
| 1950–1959 | 24 |
| 1960–1969 | 31 |
Collectors
The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.
| Collector | Poems |
|---|---|
| Mihkel (Tori) Ostrov | 177 |
| Karl Voldemar Rosenstrauch | 172 |
| Joosep Hurt | 151 |
| Oskar Philipp Kallas | 137 |
| Karl Viljak | 136 |
Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 7,238)
- SKVR: SKVR I1 63 a)., SKVR I1 63 b)., SKVR I1 72., SKVR I1 94., SKVR I1 150., SKVR I1 156., SKVR I1 156 a)., SKVR I1 163., SKVR I1 163 a)., SKVR I1 165., SKVR I1 169., SKVR I1 170., SKVR I1 172., SKVR I1 178., SKVR I1 182., SKVR I1 183., SKVR I1 184., SKVR I1 184 a)., SKVR I1 192., SKVR I1 193., SKVR I1 203., SKVR I1 208., SKVR I1 218., SKVR I1 218 a)., SKVR I1 218 b)., SKVR I1 225., SKVR I1 229., SKVR I1 234., SKVR I1 237., SKVR I1 251., SKVR I1 252., SKVR I1 253., SKVR I1 255., SKVR I1 259., SKVR I1 261 a)., SKVR I1 264., SKVR I1 270., SKVR I1 299., SKVR I1 369., SKVR I1 392., SKVR I1 441., SKVR I1 442., SKVR I1 473 b)., SKVR I1 529., SKVR I1 529 c)., SKVR I1 603., SKVR I1 624., SKVR I1 672., SKVR I1 697., SKVR I1 697 a)., SKVR I2 758., SKVR I2 759., SKVR I2 766., SKVR I2 766 a)., SKVR I2 778., SKVR I2 1023., SKVR I2 1067., SKVR I2 1107., SKVR I2 1108., SKVR I2 1206.
Related lemmas
- Estonian cognate: kallim
About this profile
The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. English senses come from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.