mäki
‘hill’ · runosong lemma · Finnish noun
| English gloss | hill |
|---|---|
| Part of speech | noun |
| Language | Finnish |
| Total occurrences | 8,838 |
| By corpus | SKVR 5,540, JR 3,298, KR 299 poems, ERAB 0 |
The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.
Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution
Attested wordforms
mäellä, mäelle, mäen, mäkeä, mäjellä, mäeltä, mäkiä, mäet, mäkkee, mäki, mäkee, mäjelle, meällä, mäjen, mäkehen, mäkeen, mäjeltä, mäin, mäell, mäille, mäkie, mäestä, mäillä, mäkkeen, mägele, mäessä, mäjet, meältä, määlle, mäelen, mäiltä, meäelle, meäellä, mäkii, mäkäsen, mäkijä, meäell, myälen, mäellen, mäjiltä … and 161 more of 201 attested forms
English words in the AI translations
How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.
| English word | Uses | Share |
|---|---|---|
| hill (hills, hill's, hills') | 5,641 | 98.9% |
| mountain (mountain's) | 35 | 0.6% |
| hilly | 14 | 0.2% |
| land | 12 | 0.2% |
| Uses counted | 5,702 |
Example verses
- juoksi aittaha mäjellä (SKVR I1 4.) read in context
Ran to hilltop storehouse; - juoksi aittahan mäellä (SKVR I1 9.) read in context
Ran to the hilltop storehouse: - mäni aittaha mäellä (SKVR I1 14.) read in context
Went to the hilltop granary, - pohjais puolella mäkeä (SKVR I1 21.) read in context
"on the hill's north side," - koppi koppelot mäeltä (SKVR I1 42.) read in context
Gathered hares from hills, - kun on männikön mäellä (SKVR I1 54.) read in context
On a pine-covered hill; - pohjolan kivi mäkeen (SKVR I1 63 a).) read in context
To Pohjola’s stony hill, - pohjolan kivi mäestä (SKVR I1 63 b).) read in context
From Pohjola’s stone mountain,
Companion words
Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.
| Word | Association (G²) | Co-occurrences |
|---|---|---|
| mennä | 5,724 | 1,293 |
| aitta | 4,117 | 536 |
| mansikka | 1,849 | 214 |
| mänty | 1,633 | 179 |
| huutaa | 1,283 | 230 |
| suuri | 1,023 | 328 |
| keskellä | 741 | 132 |
| marja | 653 | 155 |
Song types
Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).
| Song type | Poems |
|---|---|
| Mansikka mäeltä huusi | 88 |
| Lemminkäisen virsi | 76 |
| Huis sika metsään | 75 |
| Iivana Kojosenpoika | 63 |
| Marjavirsi | 56 |
| Kalevanpojan kosto | 54 |
| Saaren neidot | 54 |
| Varas vie koristeet | 54 |
Collection places
Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.
| Place | Poems |
|---|---|
| Narvusi | 364 |
| Vuokkiniemi | 172 |
| Soikkola | 164 |
| Suistamo | 106 |
| Ilomantsi | 93 |
| Uhtua | 91 |
| Sakkola | 70 |
| Vuole | 65 |
| Lempaala | 60 |
| Kaprio | 57 |
Attestation over time
Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.
| Decade | Poems |
|---|---|
| 1690–1699 | 3 |
| 1700–1709 | 16 |
| 1740–1749 | 1 |
| 1750–1759 | 1 |
| 1760–1769 | 1 |
| 1770–1779 | 1 |
| 1780–1789 | 34 |
| 1810–1819 | 38 |
| 1820–1829 | 76 |
| 1830–1839 | 256 |
| 1840–1849 | 390 |
| 1850–1859 | 342 |
| 1860–1869 | 43 |
| 1870–1879 | 175 |
| 1880–1889 | 653 |
| 1890–1899 | 432 |
| 1900–1909 | 248 |
| 1910–1919 | 278 |
| 1920–1929 | 83 |
| 1930–1939 | 509 |
| 1940–1949 | 148 |
| 1950–1959 | 156 |
| 1960–1969 | 121 |
Collectors
The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.
| Collector | Poems |
|---|---|
| Elias Lönnrot | 417 |
| Volmari Porkka | 241 |
| D. E. D. Europaeus | 178 |
| Forsberg (Alava), Vihtori | 176 |
| Frans Kärki | 165 |
Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 4,014)
- SKVR: SKVR I1 4., SKVR I1 9., SKVR I1 14., SKVR I1 21., SKVR I1 42., SKVR I1 54., SKVR I1 63 a)., SKVR I1 63 b)., SKVR I1 154., SKVR I1 158., SKVR I1 185 a)., SKVR I1 189., SKVR I1 199., SKVR I1 208., SKVR I1 209., SKVR I1 210., SKVR I1 211., SKVR I1 214., SKVR I1 216., SKVR I1 217., SKVR I1 218., SKVR I1 218 a)., SKVR I1 218 b)., SKVR I1 225., SKVR I1 228., SKVR I1 229., SKVR I1 231., SKVR I1 231 a)., SKVR I1 233., SKVR I1 234., SKVR I1 237., SKVR I1 238., SKVR I1 239., SKVR I1 240., SKVR I1 282., SKVR I1 285., SKVR I1 297., SKVR I1 300., SKVR I1 304., SKVR I1 308., SKVR I1 310., SKVR I1 313., SKVR I1 321., SKVR I1 392., SKVR I1 395., SKVR I1 420., SKVR I1 434., SKVR I1 436., SKVR I1 440., SKVR I1 469., SKVR I1 507., SKVR I1 509., SKVR I1 530., SKVR I1 544., SKVR I1 544 a)., SKVR I1 544 b)., SKVR I1 545., SKVR I1 553., SKVR I1 553 a)., SKVR I1 554.
Related lemmas
- Estonian cognate: mägi
About this profile
The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.
The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.
Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.