laiva
‘ship’ · runosong lemma · Finnish noun
| English gloss | ship |
|---|---|
| Part of speech | noun |
| Language | Finnish |
| Total occurrences | 5,770 |
| By corpus | SKVR 3,358, JR 2,412, KR 90 poems, ERAB 0 |
The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.
Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution
Attested wordforms
laiva, laivan, laivoin, laivoi, laivat, laivaa, laivoja, laivasen, laivoa, laivon, laivojaa, laivasta, laivoissa, laivassa, laivahan, laivansa, laivaan, laivoista, laivalla, laivain, laivoihin, laivo, laivastain, laiwan, laivaksi, laivast, laivoo, laivahani, laivani, laivojaan, laiwa, laivahasi, laivastani, laivoille, laivoiksi, laivahain, laivoansa, laivahase, laivalta, laivasa … and 167 more of 207 attested forms
English words in the AI translations
How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.
| English word | Uses | Share |
|---|---|---|
| ship (ships, ship's, ships') | 6,183 | 97.2% |
| boat (boat's, boats) | 112 | 1.8% |
| little | 83 | 1.3% |
| kind (kinds) | 32 | 0.5% |
| wide | 32 | 0.5% |
| Uses counted | 6,359 |
Example verses
- siihi laiva halgieugi (SKVR I1 3.) read in context
There the ship shattered. - panin sampon laivahani (SKVR I1 20.) read in context
- laiva täysi laskimia (SKVR I1 30.) read in context
Ships full of sinkers." - laiva lassuin lohkiella (SKVR I1 53.) read in context
The ship to cleave with oars. - rakenteli laivoansa (SKVR I1 54.) read in context
- laiva lassuin lohkieilla (SKVR I1 58.) read in context
- laiva lassuin lohkieilla (SKVR I1 58 a).) read in context
- niihin laivat lasketah (SKVR I1 79.) read in context
There ships are launched,
Companion words
Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.
| Word | Association (G²) | Co-occurrences |
|---|---|---|
| lähteä | 4,999 | 890 |
| pihkaheikki | 2,257 | 176 |
| heikki | 2,021 | 283 |
| pihka | 1,536 | 146 |
| lentää | 1,523 | 319 |
| lainehtia | 1,503 | 145 |
| hippaheikki | 1,380 | 108 |
| nähdä | 1,172 | 304 |
Song types
Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).
| Song type | Poems |
|---|---|
| Laivaretki | 170 |
| Veneenveisto | 164 |
| Maailmansyntyruno | 147 |
| Laivassa surmattu veli | 96 |
| Pihka-Heikin laiva läksi | 85 |
| Nurmen neito | 82 |
| Lunastettava neito | 72 |
| Iso tammi | 60 |
Collection places
Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.
| Place | Poems |
|---|---|
| Narvusi | 214 |
| Soikkola | 170 |
| Lempaala | 79 |
| Kaprio | 71 |
| Vuole | 69 |
| Vuokkiniemi | 64 |
| Sakkola | 57 |
| Alatornio | 56 |
| Kemi | 50 |
| Tyrö | 48 |
Attestation over time
Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.
| Decade | Poems |
|---|---|
| 1700–1709 | 3 |
| 1770–1779 | 2 |
| 1780–1789 | 7 |
| 1810–1819 | 14 |
| 1820–1829 | 16 |
| 1830–1839 | 106 |
| 1840–1849 | 167 |
| 1850–1859 | 264 |
| 1860–1869 | 33 |
| 1870–1879 | 77 |
| 1880–1889 | 380 |
| 1890–1899 | 205 |
| 1900–1909 | 168 |
| 1910–1919 | 243 |
| 1920–1929 | 110 |
| 1930–1939 | 699 |
| 1940–1949 | 65 |
| 1950–1959 | 143 |
| 1960–1969 | 106 |
Collectors
The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.
| Collector | Poems |
|---|---|
| Hämeenlinnan alakansakouluseminaari | 364 |
| Volmari Porkka | 251 |
| Perä-Pohjolan ja Lapin Kotiseutuyhdistys | 162 |
| Elias Lönnrot | 143 |
| Forsberg (Alava), Vihtori | 93 |
Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 2,814)
- SKVR: SKVR I1 3., SKVR I1 20., SKVR I1 30., SKVR I1 53., SKVR I1 54., SKVR I1 58., SKVR I1 58 a)., SKVR I1 79., SKVR I1 79 a)., SKVR I1 96., SKVR I1 108., SKVR I1 280 a)., SKVR I1 304., SKVR I1 334., SKVR I1 349., SKVR I1 351., SKVR I1 352., SKVR I1 355., SKVR I1 357., SKVR I1 359., SKVR I1 364., SKVR I1 365., SKVR I1 378., SKVR I1 389., SKVR I1 408., SKVR I1 427., SKVR I1 433., SKVR I1 435., SKVR I1 436., SKVR I1 438., SKVR I1 439., SKVR I1 441., SKVR I1 442., SKVR I1 443., SKVR I1 446., SKVR I1 447., SKVR I1 449., SKVR I1 449 a)., SKVR I1 449 b)., SKVR I1 450., SKVR I1 450 a)., SKVR I1 452., SKVR I1 455., SKVR I1 457., SKVR I1 458., SKVR I1 459., SKVR I1 464., SKVR I1 465., SKVR I1 467., SKVR I1 469., SKVR I1 473., SKVR I1 473 a)., SKVR I1 473 b)., SKVR I1 474., SKVR I1 479., SKVR I1 482., SKVR I1 482 a)., SKVR I1 494., SKVR I1 495., SKVR I1 500.
Related lemmas
- Estonian cognate: laev
About this profile
The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.
The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.
Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.