lammas

‘sheep’ · runosong lemma · Estonian and Finnish noun

English gloss	sheep
Part of speech	noun
Language	Estonian and Finnish
Total occurrences	8,345
By corpus	SKVR 1,994, JR 1,508, KR 118 poems, ERAB 4,842

The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.

Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution

Attested wordforms

lammas, lamba, lampaan, lambad, lampaat, lampahia, lammaste, lammast, lammasten, lambale, lampahat, lampaita, lamppa, lambaida, lammasta, lampahan, lamma, lampaalla, lambal, lambaid, lampahista, lammastesta, lampaitani, lammastani, lammastest, lambalt, lambasida, lampahille, lammastele, lampaani, lammastessa, lammastelle, lammaida, lambus, lampahalla, lampahii, lambaasta, lampaas, lambit, laamasen … and 312 more of 352 attested forms

In Estonian dictionaries

Definitions are shown in Estonian: the source dictionaries are Estonian-language works.

EKSS

lammas · lamba 20

1. keskmise suurusega sõraline villkattega imetaja (Ovis);
2. (inimese kohta)

EMS

lammas

koduloom, lammas
sametlest
(mäng)
pajuurb

(+4)

lammas-

lamba-

Idamurre

lammas

lammas

Sources: EKSS — Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut (CC BY 4.0) · EMS — Eesti murrete sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut · Idamurde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut

English words in the AI translations

How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.

English word	Uses	Share
sheep (sheep's)	9,409	94.8%
lamb (lamb's, lambs)	414	4.2%
lamp (lamps, lamp's)	49	0.5%
among	37	0.4%
pond (ponds)	34	0.3%
little	27	0.3%
sheepfold	12	0.1%
Uses counted	9,923

Example verses

otti laumah lampahia (SKVR I1 42.) read in context
Took a herd of sheep,
lamp oli suuri lautasella (SKVR I1 58 a).) read in context
laulo lambihi havoksi (SKVR I1 145.) read in context
Sang marshes into clearings,
laulo lambihi havoksi (SKVR I1 147.) read in context
Sang ponds into hawks,
lammas läks laudile munele (AES, MT 3, 15) read in context
A sheep went to the table for eggs,
lambad laia väila peale (AES, MT 3, 20) read in context
Sheep onto the wide path.
lambalt lauga tallekese (AES, MT 3, 21/2) read in context
From the sheep, a dappled lamb,
ästi ästi ämma lammas (AES, MT 7, 76) read in context
Gently, gently, mother's sheep,

Companion words

Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.

Word	Association (G²)	Co-occurrences
laud	3,608	711
laut	2,523	359
kaitsia	1,885	175
laug	1,646	257
villa	1,475	283
lapa	1,204	162
lausuja	1,111	126
määgima	1,016	92

Song types

Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).

Song type	Poems
Imed	234
Kits kile karja!	189
Parmu matus	156
Mardilaul	138
Memme vaev	120
Hollandi sulane	112
Hämeen ihmeet	112
Kirkollisten tekstien väännelmiä	104

Collection places

Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.

Place	Poems
Kuusalu	151
Setumaa	140
Narvusi	115
Haljala	105
Karksi	97
Tarvastu	94
Viljandi	93
Kolga-Jaani	90
Tõstamaa	81
Lempaala	78

Attestation over time

Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.

Decade	Poems
1690–1699	3
1700–1709	1
1750–1759	3
1760–1769	1
1770–1779	3
1780–1789	15
1800–1809	1
1810–1819	9
1820–1829	29
1830–1839	79
1840–1849	177
1850–1859	197
1860–1869	42
1870–1879	249
1880–1889	1,025
1890–1899	1,275
1900–1909	440
1910–1919	813
1920–1929	602
1930–1939	1,329
1940–1949	163
1950–1959	116
1960–1969	108
1970–1979	1

Collectors

The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.

Collector	Poems
Hämeenlinnan alakansakouluseminaari	184
Elias Lönnrot	160
Karl Voldemar Rosenstrauch	99
Mihkel (Tori) Ostrov	88
Karl Viljak	87

Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 6,923)

SKVR: SKVR I1 42., SKVR I1 58 a)., SKVR I1 145., SKVR I1 147., SKVR I1 149., SKVR I1 152., SKVR I1 153., SKVR I1 156 b)., SKVR I1 227., SKVR I1 395., SKVR I2 701., SKVR I2 702., SKVR I2 703., SKVR I2 704., SKVR I2 705., SKVR I2 706., SKVR I2 707., SKVR I2 713., SKVR I2 717., SKVR I2 718., SKVR I2 744., SKVR I2 744 b)., SKVR I2 746., SKVR I2 749., SKVR I2 757., SKVR I2 759., SKVR I2 766., SKVR I2 766 b)., SKVR I2 767., SKVR I2 769., SKVR I2 772., SKVR I2 777., SKVR I2 793 a)., SKVR I2 794., SKVR I2 795., SKVR I2 808., SKVR I2 811., SKVR I2 815., SKVR I2 820., SKVR I2 828., SKVR I2 850., SKVR I2 853., SKVR I2 856., SKVR I2 1035., SKVR I2 1087., SKVR I2 1091., SKVR I2 1145., SKVR I2 1146., SKVR I2 1213., SKVR I2 erill. [Lemminkäisen virsi] 10., SKVR I3 1338., SKVR I3 1423., SKVR I3 1423 a)., SKVR I3 1423 b)., SKVR I3 1652., SKVR I3 1703., SKVR I3 1708., SKVR I3 1710., SKVR I3 1724., SKVR I3 1728.

← laiva laps →

About this profile

The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.

The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.

Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.