koski

‘rapids’ · runosong lemma · Finnish noun

English gloss	rapids
Part of speech	noun
Language	Finnish
Total occurrences	4,430
By corpus	SKVR 2,572, JR 1,858, KR 278 poems, ERAB 0

The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.

Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution

Attested wordforms

kosken, koski, koskessa, koskeen, koskelta, koskehen, koskesta, koskea, koskeh, koskella, koskena, koskes, koskelle, kosille, koskia, koskess, kosilla, koskii, kosella, koskihin, koskesa, koses, koskehe, koskista, koskiin, koskilta, koskissa, kossessa, koskeneeksi, koskie, kosell, kosiksi, koskein, koskest, koskien, kossess, kosgen, koskellen, koskellista, koskikin … and 59 more of 99 attested forms

In Estonian dictionaries

Definitions are shown in Estonian: the source dictionaries are Estonian-language works.

EMS

koski

Idamurre

koski

kuskil

Sources: EMS — Eesti murrete sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut · Idamurde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut

English words in the AI translations

How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.

English word	Uses	Share
rapid (rapids, rapid's, rapids')	4,297	96.6%
touch (touched)	121	2.7%
koski	28	0.6%
Uses counted	4,446

Example verses

kuhu koski sormi (SKVR I1 20.) read in context
Where his finger cascaded,
kuh hänen polvet koski (SKVR I1 49.) read in context
Where his knees pressed,
koski siipi väinämöisen purjepuuhun (SKVR I1 50.) read in context
Her wing struck Väinämöinen's mast.
koski väinämön hevoista (SKVR I1 103.) read in context
It struck Väinämöinen's horse;
koskipa vemmel vempeleeheh (SKVR I1 156 a).) read in context
The rapids shook the harness straps,
pään alasen koskiaksi (SKVR I1 174.) read in context
He bowed his head to the rapids.
eipä koski vuolaskana (SKVR I1 200.) read in context
jo koskia rotihen (SKVR I1 234.) read in context
Now rapids roared

Companion words

Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.

Word	Association (G²)	Co-occurrences
tulinen	3,901	454
kova	3,176	474
kotoisin	1,820	146
kuohu	1,754	172
rutja	1,631	145
kivi	1,551	387
korva	1,321	208
kolmas	852	237

Song types

Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).

Song type	Poems
Verensulku	274
Numeroloruja	119
Lemminkäisen virsi	116
Raudan sanat	83
Raudan synty	75
Tulen sanat	59
Sorsa soitti kanteletta	53
Aa aa akkani kuoli - kuka näki, hautasi	49

Collection places

Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.

Place	Poems
Suistamo	147
Vuokkiniemi	122
Ilomantsi	52
Alatornio	49
Repola	48
Kemi	48
Uhtua	42
Impilahti	40
Kontokki	38
Juva	38

Attestation over time

Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.

Decade	Poems
1700–1709	7
1730–1739	1
1750–1759	1
1760–1769	1
1770–1779	1
1780–1789	27
1800–1809	5
1810–1819	61
1820–1829	77
1830–1839	162
1840–1849	211
1850–1859	90
1860–1869	9
1870–1879	107
1880–1889	473
1890–1899	230
1900–1909	147
1910–1919	255
1920–1929	89
1930–1939	330
1940–1949	71
1950–1959	66
1960–1969	51

Collectors

The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.

Collector	Poems
Elias Lönnrot	311
Kaarle Krohn	179
Perä-Pohjolan ja Lapin Kotiseutuyhdistys	145
D. E. D. Europaeus	67
A. A. Borenius	65

Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 2,477)

SKVR: SKVR I1 20., SKVR I1 49., SKVR I1 50., SKVR I1 103., SKVR I1 156 a)., SKVR I1 174., SKVR I1 200., SKVR I1 234., SKVR I1 243 a)., SKVR I1 287., SKVR I1 305., SKVR I1 320., SKVR I1 325., SKVR I1 328., SKVR I1 329., SKVR I1 331., SKVR I1 441., SKVR I1 465., SKVR I1 473., SKVR I1 473 a)., SKVR I1 473 b)., SKVR I1 494., SKVR I1 569., SKVR I1 634., SKVR I2 703., SKVR I2 705., SKVR I2 706., SKVR I2 709., SKVR I2 711., SKVR I2 712., SKVR I2 713., SKVR I2 716., SKVR I2 717., SKVR I2 718., SKVR I2 719., SKVR I2 722., SKVR I2 722 a)., SKVR I2 725., SKVR I2 726., SKVR I2 728., SKVR I2 728 a)., SKVR I2 729., SKVR I2 733., SKVR I2 738., SKVR I2 740., SKVR I2 741., SKVR I2 742., SKVR I2 744., SKVR I2 744 b)., SKVR I2 746., SKVR I2 748., SKVR I2 752., SKVR I2 754., SKVR I2 757., SKVR I2 757 a)., SKVR I2 758., SKVR I2 758 b)., SKVR I2 759., SKVR I2 766., SKVR I2 766 b).

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About this profile

The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.

The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.

Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.