jää

‘ice’ · runosong lemma · Estonian and Finnish noun

The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.

Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution

Attested wordforms

jäätä, jää, jäällä, jäässä, jäälle, jäitä, jeätä, jäät, jäästä, jeässä, jääksi, jeällä, jääss, jäillä, jääl, jäähän, jäissä, jäes, jeälle, jääskeen, jääsä, jäältä, jäälä, jäitsä, jeähä, jeäs, jeästä, jeäkse, jääll, jäittä, jäille, jääta, jeäksi, jeänt, jeäss, jiähä, jeän, jeät, jäill, jeäl … and 77 more of 117 attested forms

In Estonian dictionaries

Definitions are shown in Estonian: the source dictionaries are Estonian-language works.

Sources: EKSS — Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut (CC BY 4.0) · EMS — Eesti murrete sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut · Idamurde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut

English words in the AI translations

How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.

Example verses

• jäzendäh on lainnehista (SKVR I1 4.) read in context
• meren jäätä juoxemahan (SKVR I1 40.) read in context
  To melt the sea's ice,
• meren jeätä juoksomahe (SKVR I1 58.) read in context
• meren jeätä juoksomahe (SKVR I1 58 a).) read in context
• sinnä kül no järv jääss (AES, MT 102, 20 (2)) read in context
  There the lake froze in ice
• niku jää tükükse ai (AES, MT 166, 4 (3)) read in context
  Like a piece of ice, oh!
• laut jäes täüsi lambieda (E A 156/62 (4)) read in context
  A barn full of sheep
• kui talve ajal mered jäes (EKmS 4° 5, 591/2) read in context
  When in winter the waters are ice-bound

Companion words

Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.

Song types

Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).

Collection places

Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.

Attestation over time

Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.

Collectors

The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.

About this profile

The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.

The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.

Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.

Where a spelling can also be another word, it counts on this page only where the AI analysis read it as this word: In Estonian: jää; In Finnish: jää

In Estonian: jää
Every use of this spelling shown on this page was checked again against its verse in a separate AI reading, and uses read as another word were left out.
Uses checked: 42
Read as this page’s word: 40
Unclear: 2

In Finnish: jää
Every use of this spelling shown on this page was checked again against its verse in a separate AI reading, and uses read as another word were left out.
Uses checked: 90
Read as this page’s word: 84
Unclear: 6

Forms of other words are left out of the verses and counts.
In Estonian: jäät

The total and per-corpus counts at the top of the page are the lexicon’s: the uses the lemmatizer gave to this word. The uses below are counted by spelling in the same corpora, so a spelling this page shares with another word’s page is counted on both pages, and the two figures can differ either way.

In Estonian:
Uses shown on this page: 109
Uses left out as another word: 549
Uses left out because the AI reading could not be matched to the verse: 39

In Finnish:
Uses shown on this page: 2,762
Uses left out as another word: 327
Uses left out because the AI reading could not be matched to the verse: 21