kultainen

‘golden’ · runosong lemma · Finnish adjective

English gloss	golden
Part of speech	adjective
Language	Finnish
Total occurrences	6,392
By corpus	SKVR 3,250, JR 3,142, KR 353 poems, ERAB 0

The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.

Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution

Attested wordforms

kultainen, kultaisen, kultane, kultaista, kultasella, kultaiset, kultaisella, kultaine, kultaisessa, kultaisehen, kultaisesta, kuldazet, kultaisin, kullais, kuldaane, kuldazen, kultaisilla, kullaist, kultaisissa, kuldaiseni, kultaiselle, kullainen, kullaisna, kulltain, kuldainen, kultaisille, kultajain, kultaiseen, kultaist, kuldaizen, kuldazel, kultaise, kultaisihin, kuldastu, kultaisiin, kuldazeh, kuldaazet, kullaisen, kultaisia, kultajaisi … and 191 more of 231 attested forms

English words in the AI translations

How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.

English word	Uses	Share
golden (golden's)	3,756	96.3%
gold (golds, gold's, golds')	58	1.5%
dear (dearest)	43	1.1%
gilded	10	0.3%
darling (darlings)	5	0.1%
more	5	0.1%
Uses counted	3,900

Example verses

istuudu kokan kuldaizen nojahi (SKVR I1 8.) read in context
Sat against the golden stern's support,
kokan kuldazen nojahi (SKVR I1 17.) read in context
Against golden block,
kokan kuldaizen nojassa (SKVR I1 22.) read in context
Leaning on a golden prow,
kultasella korjasella (SKVR I1 100.) read in context
With golden scoop,
muni munaista kolme kultaista (SKVR I1 107.) read in context
kokan kuldazen nojaha (SKVR I1 121.) read in context
Against a golden cuckoo,
kulosista kultaisista (SKVR I1 130.) read in context
from golden hearths,
kultasella kukkuralla (SKVR I1 357.) read in context
On a golden knoll.

Companion words

Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.

Word	Association (G²)	Co-occurrences
kuningas	7,342	1,022
munia	3,073	380
kurikka	2,570	296
omena	2,418	376
metsä	1,775	473
muna	1,574	370
kuja	1,230	242
kätkyt	1,122	191

Song types

Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).

Song type	Poems
Maailmansyntyruno	113
Laivaretki	86
Karhua vastaan	84
Veneenveisto	73
Tulen sanat	70
Tulen synty	66
Nurmen neito	53
Metsälle lähtiessä	40

Collection places

Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.

Place	Poems
Narvusi	162
Suistamo	127
Soikkola	111
Vuokkiniemi	72
Kaprio	68
Salmi	56
Ilomantsi	50
Suojärvi	49
Kontokki	41
Juva	41

Attestation over time

Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.

Decade	Poems
1670–1679	1
1700–1709	5
1750–1759	1
1760–1769	1
1770–1779	3
1780–1789	21
1800–1809	5
1810–1819	54
1820–1829	52
1830–1839	101
1840–1849	250
1850–1859	159
1860–1869	40
1870–1879	120
1880–1889	551
1890–1899	249
1900–1909	219
1910–1919	174
1920–1929	118
1930–1939	382
1940–1949	130
1950–1959	86
1960–1969	72

Collectors

The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.

Collector	Poems
Elias Lönnrot	346
Volmari Porkka	185
A. A. Borenius	109
D. E. D. Europaeus	86
Forsberg (Alava), Vihtori	81

Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 2,804)

SKVR: SKVR I1 8., SKVR I1 17., SKVR I1 22., SKVR I1 100., SKVR I1 107., SKVR I1 121., SKVR I1 130., SKVR I1 357., SKVR I1 433., SKVR I1 436., SKVR I1 439., SKVR I1 442., SKVR I1 458., SKVR I1 514 a)., SKVR I1 523., SKVR I1 575., SKVR I1 585., SKVR I1 589., SKVR I1 591., SKVR I1 617., SKVR I1 665., SKVR I1 erill. [Vellamon neito] 1., SKVR I1 erill. [Laivaretki ja kantele] 1., SKVR I1 erill. [Laivaretki ja kantele] 3., SKVR I2 703., SKVR I2 704., SKVR I2 712., SKVR I2 713., SKVR I2 714., SKVR I2 722., SKVR I2 744., SKVR I2 744 b)., SKVR I2 752., SKVR I2 766., SKVR I2 786., SKVR I2 789 a)., SKVR I2 793 a)., SKVR I2 846., SKVR I2 930., SKVR I2 957., SKVR I2 965., SKVR I2 1002., SKVR I2 1007., SKVR I2 1040., SKVR I2 1073., SKVR I2 1085., SKVR I2 1090., SKVR I2 1103., SKVR I2 1103 a)., SKVR I2 1116., SKVR I2 1144., SKVR I2 1174., SKVR I3 1295., SKVR I3 1497., SKVR I3 1502., SKVR I3 1503., SKVR I3 1503 a)., SKVR I3 1510., SKVR I3 1515., SKVR I3 1539.

Related lemmas

Estonian cognate: kuldne

← kulta kuningas →

About this profile

The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.

The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.

Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.