vieras
‘stranger; guest’ · runosong lemma · Estonian and Finnish noun
| English gloss | stranger; guest |
|---|---|
| Part of speech | noun |
| Language | Estonian and Finnish |
| Total occurrences | 6,509 |
| By corpus | SKVR 3,910, JR 2,597, KR 260 poems, ERAB 2 |
The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.
Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution
Attested wordforms
vieras, vierahalla, vierahalle, vierahille, vierahan, vierasta, vieraan, vieraat, vieraita, vierahaksi, vierahilla, vierahiksi, vierahissa, vierahat, vierahani, wieras, vieraz, vierahalta, vierahisse, vierahassa, vierahia, vierahista, vieraalle, vierahiks, vierasii, vieraille, vierahilta, vieraisiin, vierahal, vierahii, vieraalta, vierahaks, vierahain, vierast, vierahall, vierahasta, vierahoittamine, vierahikse, vierailta, vierasten … and 354 more of 394 attested forms
English words in the AI translations
How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.
| English word | Uses | Share |
|---|---|---|
| guest (guests, guest's) | 2,759 | 39.8% |
| stranger (strangers, stranger's, strangers') | 2,626 | 37.9% |
| foreign | 1,068 | 15.4% |
| strange | 433 | 6.3% |
| wilderness | 39 | 0.6% |
| Uses counted | 6,925 |
Example verses
- näillä mailla vierahilla (SKVR I1 4.) read in context
To these foreign lands - olen maalla vierahalla (SKVR I1 9.) read in context
I am on a foreign land!" - kuin olen moalla vierahalla (SKVR I1 9 a).) read in context
That I'm on foreign soil, - näillä mailla vierahilla (SKVR I1 13.) read in context
These foreign lands, - siie vierasta vägeda (ERA II 114, 270/80) read in context
Foreign troops arrive. - vieras mies on kiige pealla (ERA II 114, 410/1 (15)) read in context
A stranger is on the swing's seat, - vieras eit on ehtimassa (ERA II 114, 431 (2)) read in context
A guest woman is adorning [her]. - ei mitte vierast vaid oma (ERA II 200, 22 (14)) read in context
Not another's, but their own.
Companion words
Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.
| Word | Association (G²) | Co-occurrences |
|---|---|---|
| maa | 2,100 | 873 |
| tulla | 1,236 | 541 |
| viekas | 964 | 127 |
| muu | 822 | 312 |
| viedä | 776 | 306 |
| täti | 734 | 150 |
| vierä | 699 | 132 |
| veikko | 588 | 156 |
Song types
Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).
Collection places
Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.
| Place | Poems |
|---|---|
| Narvusi | 424 |
| Suistamo | 186 |
| Lempaala | 174 |
| Vuokkiniemi | 172 |
| Soikkola | 155 |
| Sakkola | 90 |
| Uhtua | 88 |
| Vuole | 87 |
| Moloskovitsa | 82 |
| Suojärvi | 82 |
Attestation over time
Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.
| Decade | Poems |
|---|---|
| 1650–1659 | 1 |
| 1690–1699 | 4 |
| 1700–1709 | 13 |
| 1730–1739 | 1 |
| 1750–1759 | 1 |
| 1770–1779 | 2 |
| 1780–1789 | 8 |
| 1800–1809 | 2 |
| 1810–1819 | 9 |
| 1820–1829 | 44 |
| 1830–1839 | 220 |
| 1840–1849 | 407 |
| 1850–1859 | 357 |
| 1860–1869 | 45 |
| 1870–1879 | 131 |
| 1880–1889 | 516 |
| 1890–1899 | 523 |
| 1900–1909 | 417 |
| 1910–1919 | 372 |
| 1920–1929 | 84 |
| 1930–1939 | 700 |
| 1940–1949 | 151 |
| 1950–1959 | 124 |
| 1960–1969 | 134 |
| 1970–1979 | 2 |
Collectors
The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.
| Collector | Poems |
|---|---|
| Elias Lönnrot | 375 |
| Volmari Porkka | 220 |
| Forsberg (Alava), Vihtori | 155 |
| A. D. Neovius | 144 |
| D. E. D. Europaeus | 138 |
Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 4,275)
- SKVR: SKVR I1 4., SKVR I1 9., SKVR I1 9 a)., SKVR I1 13., SKVR I1 14., SKVR I1 15., SKVR I1 17., SKVR I1 18., SKVR I1 21., SKVR I1 30., SKVR I1 38 a)., SKVR I1 49., SKVR I1 54., SKVR I1 58., SKVR I1 58 a)., SKVR I1 60., SKVR I1 63 c)., SKVR I1 79., SKVR I1 79 a)., SKVR I1 82., SKVR I1 83 a)., SKVR I1 84 b)., SKVR I1 91., SKVR I1 97., SKVR I1 102., SKVR I1 108., SKVR I1 109., SKVR I1 124., SKVR I1 127., SKVR I1 202., SKVR I1 215., SKVR I1 366., SKVR I1 369., SKVR I1 372., SKVR I1 436., SKVR I1 440., SKVR I1 450., SKVR I1 491., SKVR I1 500., SKVR I1 589., SKVR I1 609., SKVR I1 658., SKVR I1 659., SKVR I1 691., SKVR I1 erill. [Polvenhaava] 3., SKVR I1 erill. [Polvenhaava] 1., SKVR I2 702., SKVR I2 704., SKVR I2 711., SKVR I2 713., SKVR I2 716., SKVR I2 717., SKVR I2 718., SKVR I2 729., SKVR I2 738., SKVR I2 743., SKVR I2 744., SKVR I2 744 b)., SKVR I2 746., SKVR I2 754.
Related lemmas
- Estonian cognate: võõras
About this profile
The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.
The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.
Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.