leipä
‘bread’ · runosong lemma · Finnish noun
| English gloss | bread |
|---|---|
| Part of speech | noun |
| Language | Finnish |
| Total occurrences | 5,129 |
| By corpus | SKVR 2,820, JR 2,302, KR 252 poems, ERAB 0 |
The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.
Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution
Attested wordforms
leivän, leipä, leipää, leivät, leipiä, leipeä, leivin, leip, leiwän, leivältä, leivällä, leivistä, leivästä, leipee, leibiä, leivälle, leipii, leiväl, leipänä, leipänsä, leiväm, leipäni, leiviksi, leiville, leivätä, leipähäni, leiväll, leivilleh, leivättä, leivält, leipäs, leivänkin, leiwät, leibää, leipiäis, leipään, leipijä, leipähänsä, leipämme, leipääsiä … and 169 more of 209 attested forms
English words in the AI translations
How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.
| English word | Uses | Share |
|---|---|---|
| bread (bread's, breads, breads') | 6,079 | 99.4% |
| loaf (loaves) | 13 | 0.2% |
| living | 10 | 0.2% |
| bake (baked) | 8 | 0.1% |
| baker | 8 | 0.1% |
| even | 8 | 0.1% |
| little | 7 | 0.1% |
| Uses counted | 6,118 |
Example verses
- seppä syöpi selvän leivän (SKVR I1 21.) read in context
"The smith eats the good bread," - kiven leipo leipäänsä (SKVR I1 80.) read in context
"Stone baked its bread" - mes on leivän leibojaine (SKVR I1 149.) read in context
- mesi leivän leipojaisen (SKVR I1 157.) read in context
Baker of honey-bread." - mesi leivän leipojan (SKVR I1 159.) read in context
The baker of honey-bread." - kasva leivän kannikoilla (SKVR I1 208.) read in context
Grow on bread's kneading boards, - kasva leivän kannikoilla (SKVR I1 209.) read in context
Grow by the bread troughs." - lähe leivän kannikoille (SKVR I1 210.) read in context
Go to the bread shelves,
Companion words
Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.
| Word | Association (G²) | Co-occurrences |
|---|---|---|
| leipoa | 5,430 | 617 |
| syödä | 1,802 | 430 |
| voi | 1,215 | 302 |
| ruis | 1,064 | 151 |
| leikata | 837 | 153 |
| ehostaa | 684 | 85 |
| lämmin | 658 | 130 |
| täti | 580 | 115 |
Song types
Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).
| Song type | Poems |
|---|---|
| Kalevanpojan kosto | 111 |
| Älä lapsia lakaise, nosta lapset laavitsalle | 101 |
| Meren kosijat | 63 |
| Tule tuulena tupaan | 59 |
| Pakeneva | 55 |
| Paista, päivä, paimenille | 54 |
| Lääväaskareet | 48 |
| Laulavat Lapinkin lapset | 44 |
Collection places
Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.
| Place | Poems |
|---|---|
| Narvusi | 306 |
| Lempaala | 153 |
| Soikkola | 118 |
| Sakkola | 114 |
| Vuokkiniemi | 107 |
| Vuole | 82 |
| Rautu | 78 |
| Suistamo | 70 |
| Uhtua | 61 |
| Metsäpirtti | 56 |
Attestation over time
Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.
| Decade | Poems |
|---|---|
| 1690–1699 | 5 |
| 1700–1709 | 15 |
| 1730–1739 | 1 |
| 1750–1759 | 1 |
| 1760–1769 | 3 |
| 1770–1779 | 3 |
| 1780–1789 | 7 |
| 1800–1809 | 1 |
| 1810–1819 | 9 |
| 1820–1829 | 25 |
| 1830–1839 | 168 |
| 1840–1849 | 369 |
| 1850–1859 | 314 |
| 1860–1869 | 30 |
| 1870–1879 | 92 |
| 1880–1889 | 379 |
| 1890–1899 | 428 |
| 1900–1909 | 286 |
| 1910–1919 | 327 |
| 1920–1929 | 141 |
| 1930–1939 | 809 |
| 1940–1949 | 138 |
| 1950–1959 | 125 |
| 1960–1969 | 132 |
Collectors
The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.
| Collector | Poems |
|---|---|
| Elias Lönnrot | 324 |
| Volmari Porkka | 144 |
| A. D. Neovius | 136 |
| Perä-Pohjolan ja Lapin Kotiseutuyhdistys | 115 |
| Forsberg (Alava), Vihtori | 112 |
Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 3,816)
- SKVR: SKVR I1 21., SKVR I1 80., SKVR I1 149., SKVR I1 157., SKVR I1 159., SKVR I1 208., SKVR I1 209., SKVR I1 210., SKVR I1 211., SKVR I1 216., SKVR I1 218., SKVR I1 218 a)., SKVR I1 218 b)., SKVR I1 220., SKVR I1 227., SKVR I1 228., SKVR I1 230., SKVR I1 231., SKVR I1 231 a)., SKVR I1 234., SKVR I1 237., SKVR I1 238., SKVR I1 240., SKVR I1 280., SKVR I1 280 a)., SKVR I1 439., SKVR I1 440., SKVR I1 452., SKVR I1 462., SKVR I1 487., SKVR I1 491., SKVR I1 501., SKVR I1 520., SKVR I1 670., SKVR I2 704., SKVR I2 712., SKVR I2 715., SKVR I2 743., SKVR I2 794., SKVR I2 802., SKVR I2 826., SKVR I2 908., SKVR I2 910., SKVR I2 911., SKVR I2 912., SKVR I2 912 a)., SKVR I2 914., SKVR I2 916., SKVR I2 917., SKVR I2 918., SKVR I2 921., SKVR I2 922., SKVR I2 923., SKVR I2 924., SKVR I2 926., SKVR I2 928., SKVR I2 930., SKVR I2 931., SKVR I2 933., SKVR I2 934.
Related lemmas
- Estonian cognate: leib
About this profile
The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.
The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.
Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.