armas

‘dear’ · runosong lemma · Estonian and Finnish adjective

English gloss	dear
Part of speech	adjective
Language	Estonian and Finnish
Total occurrences	11,001
By corpus	SKVR 1,154, JR 1,685, KR 239 poems, ERAB 8,162

The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems and is not part of the total.

Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution

Attested wordforms

armas, armakõnõ, armast, armakene, armasta, armsad, armsa, armahani, armahan, arma, armsast, armaani, armaan, armsam, armad, armahat, armahin, armaz, armsaks, armsal, armaaksi, armahampi, armastani, armaansa, armahaksi, armahille, armaat, armahammat, armastansa, armsaid, armaste, armahalle, armsamb, armahõni, armalõ, armaasta, armahaini, armahansa, armastaan, armaad … and 173 more of 213 attested forms

In Estonian dictionaries

Definitions are shown in Estonian: the source dictionaries are Estonian-language works.

EKSS

armas · adj

1. armastatud, kallis
2. kena, meeldiv, sümpaatne; lahke, armastusväärne
3. armastatu, kallim; lähedane, armastatud inimene

EMS

armas

armas, südamelähedane, armastusväärne
meeldiv, kena, meelepärane; kasulik, hea
hinnaline, väärtuslik
hale, kahju

(+1)

Idamurre

armas

armas

Sources: EKSS — Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut (CC BY 4.0) · EMS — Eesti murrete sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut · Idamurde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut

English words in the AI translations

How often the AI analysis used each English word when it translated the uses of this word. Forms of one English word are counted together, and one translation can contain several words, so the shares can add up to more than 100%.

English word	Uses	Share
dear (dearer, dearest, dear's, dears)	9,708	78.1%
beloved (beloved's, beloveds)	2,284	18.4%
love (loves, love's)	270	2.2%
armas	46	0.4%
little	40	0.3%
mercy (mercy's)	26	0.2%
merciful	19	0.2%
darling (darlings)	14	0.1%
loved	13	0.1%
more	13	0.1%
Uses counted	12,429

Example verses

oi nud armaz akkaizeni (SKVR I1 2.) read in context
siin on armahat apajat (SKVR I1 21.) read in context
There lie dear fishing spots;
meilä armas aurinkoinen (SKVR I1 83 a).) read in context
We have the dear sun,
meilä armas aurinkoinen (SKVR I1 83 c).) read in context
We have the dear sun,
armas neiu ää pane pahast (AES, MT 3, 12) read in context
Dear maiden, do not take offense,
tere armsad laevapoisid (AES, MT 3, 13) read in context
Hail, dear ship boys,
et oleks armas poisile (AES, MT 3, 17) read in context
To be dear to the lad,
oh mu armas neiukene (AES, MT 3, 19) read in context
Oh my dear maiden,

Companion words

Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.

Word	Association (G²)	Co-occurrences
sõda	6,646	1,098
naine	5,132	1,324
kallis	4,058	907
armuke	2,974	377
kaasa	2,793	543
mõõk	2,441	407
haljas	1,511	229
kas	925	366

Song types

Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).

Song type	Poems
Venna sõjalugu	421
Sõjalaul	296
Ema haual	75
Lemminkäisen virsi	63
Lunastatav neiu	60
Ylösnousemusvirsi	42
Tule mulle!	41
Antti	38

Collection places

Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.

Place	Poems
Setumaa	607
Kuusalu	178
Narvusi	137
Haljala	130
Karksi	105
Suistamo	104
Sangaste	100
Paistu	100
välismaa	97
Räpina	96

Attestation over time

Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.

Decade	Poems
1650–1659	2
1690–1699	10
1700–1709	4
1710–1719	1
1720–1729	1
1750–1759	1
1760–1769	3
1770–1779	2
1780–1789	10
1800–1809	2
1810–1819	16
1820–1829	50
1830–1839	129
1840–1849	237
1850–1859	103
1860–1869	86
1870–1879	389
1880–1889	1,098
1890–1899	1,218
1900–1909	458
1910–1919	410
1920–1929	447
1930–1939	954
1940–1949	154
1950–1959	96
1960–1969	98
1970–1979	1

Collectors

The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.

Collector	Poems
Elias Lönnrot	269
Joosep Hurt	118
Mihkel (Tori) Ostrov	98
Anna Tammeorg	90
Karl Viljak	84

Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 6,270)

SKVR: SKVR I1 2., SKVR I1 21., SKVR I1 83 a)., SKVR I1 83 c)., SKVR I1 84 b)., SKVR I1 128., SKVR I1 149., SKVR I1 156 a)., SKVR I1 435., SKVR I1 436., SKVR I1 437., SKVR I1 455., SKVR I1 480., SKVR I1 484 a)., SKVR I1 487., SKVR I1 489., SKVR I1 491., SKVR I1 492., SKVR I1 574 a)., SKVR I1 617., SKVR I1 619., SKVR I1 erill. [Kilpalaulanta] 1., SKVR I1 erill. [Vipunen] 2., SKVR I2 759., SKVR I2 764., SKVR I2 766., SKVR I2 810., SKVR I2 823., SKVR I2 834., SKVR I2 840., SKVR I2 847., SKVR I2 849., SKVR I2 855., SKVR I2 1011., SKVR I2 1019., SKVR I2 1021., SKVR I2 1024., SKVR I2 1025., SKVR I2 1027., SKVR I2 1086., SKVR I2 1087., SKVR I2 1094., SKVR I2 1098., SKVR I2 1103 c)., SKVR I2 1105 b)., SKVR I2 1117., SKVR I2 1119., SKVR I2 1120., SKVR I2 1121., SKVR I2 1124., SKVR I2 1127., SKVR I2 erill. [Lemminkäisen virsi] 4., SKVR I3 1290., SKVR I3 1429., SKVR I3 1447., SKVR I3 1540., SKVR I3 1541., SKVR I3 1543., SKVR I3 1544., SKVR I3 1546.

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About this profile

The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. The table of English words comes from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.

The table of English words is counted from the translations kept in the AI analysis files, which hold only the most frequent translations of each word or spelling, so rare translations can be missing. Words that carry only grammar (such as the, to or didn’t) are left out, and so are English words used fewer than 5 times or in less than 0.1% of the uses counted. The analysis files can group two closely related words, which then show the same table.

Verses are found by the spellings listed above, so an occasional verse may show a different word spelled the same way.

Forms of other words are left out of the verses and counts.
In Estonian: armasta

The total and per-corpus counts at the top of the page are the lexicon’s: the uses the lemmatizer gave to this word. The uses below are counted by spelling in the same corpora, so a spelling this page shares with another word’s page is counted on both pages, and the two figures can differ either way.

In Estonian:
Uses shown on this page: 8,505
Uses left out as another word: 204
Uses left out because the AI reading could not be matched to the verse: 0

In Finnish:
Uses shown on this page: 2,740
Uses left out as another word: 0
Uses left out because the AI reading could not be matched to the verse: 0