kaunis

‘beautiful’ · runosong lemma · Estonian and Finnish adjective

English gloss	beautiful
Part of speech	adjective
Language	Estonian and Finnish
Total occurrences	15,087
By corpus	SKVR 6,793, JR 5,368, KR 709 poems, ERAB 2,217

The counts in this table cover all attested spellings of this lemma, not only the headword form; all are word occurrences, except the KR figure in the By corpus row, which counts poems.

Full dictionary entry · Search in the corpus · Geographic distribution

Attested wordforms

kaunista, kauno, kaunoi, kaunihisti, kaunoseni, kaunon, kaunoinen, kauniisti, kaunoisen, kaunosen, kaunonen, kaaun, kaunehella, kauniimpi, kaunoiseni, kaun, kaunokkaine, kaunoista, kaunihinta, kaunehin, kaunot, kaillis, kaunehilla, kaunihe, kaijoissa, kaunil, kaunehelle, kaunosesta, kauneita, kaunilt, kaunosein, kaunoset, kaunukkaine, kaunale, kauneen, kauneet, kaunikest, kaune, kauniseni, kaunoine … and 783 more of 823 attested forms

In Estonian dictionaries

Definitions are shown in Estonian: the source dictionaries are Estonian-language works.

EKSS

kaunis · adv

üsna (suurel määral), võrdlemisi, küllaltki

kaunis · adj van

1. esteetiliselt meeldiv, ilus (sageli
2. selge, päikesepaisteline, meeldiv
3. sisemiselt v. sisult väärtuslik, ilus; õnnelik, meeltülendav vms
4. üsna suur v. rohke, kenake, ilus

EMS

kaunis

ilus, esteetiline, nägus
hea; väärtuslik; meelepärane; tubli
üsna suur
üsna hea, küllalt suur, arvestatav

(+1)

kaunis

kaunikesti, üsna

Idamurre

kaunis

üsna

kaunis

kena

Sources: EKSS — Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut (CC BY 4.0) · EMS — Eesti murrete sõnaraamat, Eesti Keele Instituut · Idamurde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut

English senses in context

How the AI analysis rendered this lemma in English, as a share of the entry’s analyzed uses. The analysis groups a lemma with its variant and cognate spellings, so close cognates can share one profile.

Sense	Share
beautiful	91.5%
more	3.0%
beautifully	3.0%
beauty	1.7%
fair	1.5%
most	1.2%
beautiful's	0.9%
ones	0.4%
one	0.4%
beauties	0.3%

Example verses

kaunehella kangahalla (SKVR I1 2.) read in context
On the fair open plain.
väinämöisen kaunis vaimo (SKVR I1 9.) read in context
Väinämöinen's fair wife
väinämöisen kaunis vaimo (SKVR I1 9 a).) read in context
Väinämöinen's fair wife,
kaunihinta kaulalleen (SKVR I1 30.) read in context
Lovely gems on neck;
kaunis lehte kasvaessa (AES, MT 104, Part 13 (2)) read in context
Fair when the leaf grows,
kaunis karja koduaak (AES, MT 117, 66/7 (28)) read in context
kaunis vierdä kasteelle (AES, MT 141, 34/5) read in context
Fairly flowing to the dew,
kazvi kaunis kardapoiss (AES, MT 154, 14) read in context

Companion words

Words that co-occur with this lemma inside the same verse line more often than chance predicts, ranked by log-likelihood (G²) over verse-level co-occurrence in SKVR, KR, JR and ERAB; only pairs seen at least 3 times.

Word	Association (G²)	Co-occurrences
hyvä	12,145	2,352
kasvaa	4,032	858
kauko-mieli	1,889	211
vaimo	1,532	408
katerina	977	114
kartano	950	265
suutari	860	187
kalpa	780	114

Song types

Song types of the poems attesting this lemma, as catalogued per poem in the source corpora (ERAB type names are in Estonian, SKVR names in Finnish; JR and KR poems carry no song-type record).

Song type	Poems
Kukon ja kanan saunamatka	186
Nurmen neito	98
Iso tammi	90
Karhua vastaan	90
Sotamiehenotto	74
Lemminkäisen virsi	66
Maailmansyntyruno	61
Verensulku	61

Collection places

Where the poems attesting this lemma were collected; each count is the number of attesting poems recorded at that place.

Place	Poems
Narvusi	304
Vuokkiniemi	228
Lempaala	214
Suistamo	195
Soikkola	149
Vuole	137
Sakkola	137
Ilomantsi	124
Uhtua	121
Kuusalu	121

Attestation over time

Poems attesting this lemma by decade of collection or publication; undated poems are not shown.

Decade	Poems
1690–1699	12
1700–1709	8
1750–1759	3
1760–1769	3
1770–1779	5
1780–1789	41
1800–1809	10
1810–1819	39
1820–1829	108
1830–1839	426
1840–1849	759
1850–1859	546
1860–1869	110
1870–1879	307
1880–1889	1,019
1890–1899	1,058
1900–1909	549
1910–1919	556
1920–1929	212
1930–1939	752
1940–1949	156
1950–1959	150
1960–1969	161

Collectors

The collectors who most often recorded poems attesting this lemma.

Collector	Poems
Elias Lönnrot	783
D. E. D. Europaeus	257
Volmari Porkka	221
A. A. Borenius	160
A. D. Neovius	155

Poems attesting this lemma (60 / 7,088)

SKVR: SKVR I1 2., SKVR I1 9., SKVR I1 9 a)., SKVR I1 30., SKVR I1 35., SKVR I1 44., SKVR I1 64., SKVR I1 72., SKVR I1 88., SKVR I1 128., SKVR I1 144., SKVR I1 200., SKVR I1 209., SKVR I1 210., SKVR I1 214., SKVR I1 216., SKVR I1 218., SKVR I1 218 a)., SKVR I1 218 b)., SKVR I1 220., SKVR I1 222., SKVR I1 227., SKVR I1 228., SKVR I1 229., SKVR I1 231., SKVR I1 231 a)., SKVR I1 233., SKVR I1 234., SKVR I1 237., SKVR I1 238., SKVR I1 239., SKVR I1 241., SKVR I1 317., SKVR I1 322., SKVR I1 353., SKVR I1 357., SKVR I1 366., SKVR I1 439., SKVR I1 464., SKVR I1 495., SKVR I1 498., SKVR I1 509., SKVR I1 541., SKVR I1 558., SKVR I1 579 a)., SKVR I1 643., SKVR I1 684., SKVR I1 692., SKVR I1 erill. [Sampo] 7., SKVR I1 erill. [Vellamon neito] 2., SKVR I1 erill. [Polvenhaava] 1., SKVR I1 erill. [Polvenhaava] 2., SKVR I1 erill. [Laivaretki ja kantele] 5., SKVR I1 erill. [Laivaretki ja kantele] 3., SKVR I2 701., SKVR I2 702., SKVR I2 709., SKVR I2 713., SKVR I2 717., SKVR I2 729.

Related lemmas

Estonian cognate: ilus

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About this profile

The counts and examples on this page come from the lemmatized text of four Finnic runosong corpora: SKVR, JR, KR and ERAB. English senses come from an AI analysis of the corpus; song types, collection places, collectors and dates follow each poem's own catalogue record.